银行业改革与国有商业银行网点空间布局——以中国工商银行和中国银行为例

发布时间：2018-12-12 12:49

【摘要】：伴随着国有商业银行股份制改革,中国国有商业银行在全国的网点布局发生了战略性变化。在经营效益的驱动下,银行采取集中化策略,大幅度减少基础网点数目,而增加支行数目。两类网点地理分布的空间不均衡性加大,地理集中度上升。网点布局向主要经济增长极集中,而从边疆地区与落后地区撤离。对中国工商银行和中国银行基础网点及支行空间分布统计分析表明,两者的两类网点的地理分布在股份制改革后均发生了较大的变化,基础网点更加接近主要客户群体,支行则更加集中在经济发展较好的地区。结合自身的业务优势与特点,两者在两类网点的区位选择上也有一定的差别。国有商业银行经营效益导向的网点布局战略将可能带来落后地区的金融排斥问题。
[Abstract]:With the joint-stock system reform of state-owned commercial banks, the distribution of state-owned commercial banks in China has changed strategically. Driven by operating efficiency, banks adopt a centralized strategy to significantly reduce the number of base outlets and increase the number of branches. The geographical distribution of the two types of points increased the spatial imbalance, geographical concentration increased. Network layout to the main economic growth, and from the border areas and backward areas to withdraw. The statistical analysis of the spatial distribution of the basic network and branch of ICBC and Bank of China shows that the geographical distribution of the two kinds of network has changed greatly after the reform of the shareholding system, and the basic network is closer to the main customer group. The branches are more concentrated in areas with better economic development. Combined with their own business advantages and characteristics, they also have some differences in the location choice of the two kinds of network. State-owned commercial banks' profit-oriented network layout strategy may bring about the problem of financial exclusion in backward areas.
【作者单位】：北京大学城市与环境学院;北京大学深圳研究生院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41071075)
【分类号】：F832.2

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