外国直接投资对中国居民收入的影响
发布时间：2019-05-17 06:40
【摘要】：近年来,全球范围内外国直接投资的增长十分迅速。外国直接投资受到跨国公司合并与并购浪潮的激发，使我国各地区、各行业在吸引外国直接投资方面都取得了显著效果。在外商直接投资大量涌入的同时,我国的人均国民总收入水平开始大幅度提升，我国的收入结构也随之变化。这表现为高、低收入群体大量增多，居民收入差距明显拉大，且呈现逐渐扩大的趋势，我国的基尼系数也是逐年上升，尚未发现有下降的趋势。中国社会科学院发布2012年的《社会蓝皮书》暨“中国社会形势报告会”中已指出：中国收入差距扩大的趋势仍未得到扭转。从理论和现状分析可知，在我国经济稳定发展，居民生活水平不断提高的情况下，一方面外国直接投资不断涌入我国，其投资规模不断扩大，投资领域不断拓宽，另一方面，，我国居民收入水平不断提高的同时，收入结构也随之变化，收入差距不断拉大。为了既保持居民收入水平提高，又避免收入差距加大的经济发展环境，应该对外国直接投资对我国居民收入的影响进行研究。还有，在经济全球化的进程中，世界各国的经济联系不断加强，相互影响日益加深，以跨国公司为主的投资在全球各地普遍存在。外商直接投资(FDI)与收入差距的关系也成为国际经济学家和劳动经济学家关心的问题,特别是近年来很多发展中国家反全球化浪潮日益高涨,相关研究结论也受到了各国政府的高度重视。 通过外商直接投资与我国居民收入水平的历史回顾、现状分析，本文从理论和实证两方面对外资投入与我国居民收入之间关系的问题进行了研究。首先，查阅了外商直接投资与我国居民收入水平的研究文献，回顾外资投入与我国居民收入的发展过程、现状并仔细分析，寻找研究突破口，对这一问题深入剖析。在此基础上，建立理论模型分别考察了外商直接投资对中国居民收入水平和收入结构的影响，进而进行了实证分析。采用了面板数据资料，观察值更加丰富，扩大了样本容量，更有利于计量分析。在对面板数据的处理过程中，采用了较为先进的单位根检验方法和协整关系检验方法。在模型估计中，除基本的OLS估计外，还采用了较先进的GMM动态估计法，以反映模型的动态效应。最后，在理论与实证相结合的研究成果上，对于外商直接投资对中国居民收入水平和收入结构的影响问题进行更深层次的延伸和探讨，并提出了相关政策建议。 本文对外商直接投资与我国收入关系的研究，分别从外资对收入水平和收入结构的两方面影响入手，做了一个比较系统、全面的验证。在数据整理方面作了大量工作，并在实证分析中采用了较为前沿的模型估计方法。希望通过本文的研究，对我国政府的引资政策和收入分配政策的制定可提供技术上的支持和指导。
[Abstract]:In recent years, foreign direct investment (FDI) has grown rapidly around the world. Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been stimulated by the merger and merger of multinational corporations (TNCs), which has achieved remarkable results in attracting FDI in all regions and industries of our country. With the influx of foreign direct investment, the level of per capita gross national income (GNI) in China has begun to rise greatly, and the income structure of China has also changed. This shows that the number of low-income groups is increasing, the income gap of residents is obviously widening, and showing a trend of gradual expansion. The Gini coefficient of our country is also rising year by year, and has not yet been found to have a downward trend. The 2012 Social Blue Book and the "report on the Social situation in China" issued by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences have pointed out that the widening trend of income gap in China has not yet been reversed. From the analysis of theory and present situation, it can be seen that under the condition of stable economic development and rising living standard of residents in our country, on the one hand, foreign direct investment continues to pour into our country, its investment scale is expanding, its investment field is widening, on the other hand, With the continuous improvement of the income level of residents in our country, the income structure is also changing, and the income gap is widening. In order to maintain the economic development environment of improving the income level of residents and avoiding the widening income gap, the influence of foreign direct investment on the income of Chinese residents should be studied. In addition, in the process of economic globalization, the economic ties of all countries in the world are constantly strengthening and the mutual influence is deepening day by day, and the investment dominated by transnational corporations is widespread all over the world. The relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and income gap has also become a concern of international economists and labor economists, especially in recent years, the wave of anti-globalization in many developing countries is rising day by day. The relevant research conclusions have also been attached great importance to by governments all over the world. Through the historical review and analysis of the current situation of foreign direct investment and the income level of Chinese residents, this paper studies the relationship between foreign investment and the income of Chinese residents from both theoretical and empirical aspects. First of all, this paper reviews the research literature on foreign direct investment and the income level of Chinese residents, reviews the development process of foreign investment and residents' income in China, analyzes the present situation carefully, looks for a breakthrough in the study, and deeply analyzes this problem. On this basis, the theoretical model is established to investigate the influence of foreign direct investment on the income level and income structure of Chinese residents, and then the empirical analysis is carried out. The panel data are used, the observation values are richer, the sample size is expanded, and it is more beneficial to econometric analysis. In the process of panel data processing, more advanced unit root test method and co-integration relationship test method are adopted. In the model estimation, in addition to the basic OLS estimation, the more advanced GMM dynamic estimation method is also used to reflect the dynamic effect of the model. Finally, on the basis of the theoretical and empirical research results, this paper makes a deeper extension and discussion on the impact of foreign direct investment on the income level and income structure of Chinese residents, and puts forward some relevant policy suggestions. This paper studies the relationship between foreign direct investment and income in China, starting with the influence of foreign investment on income level and income structure, and makes a systematic and comprehensive verification. A lot of work has been done in data collation, and a more cutting-edge model estimation method has been adopted in empirical analysis. It is hoped that through the study of this paper, the formulation of our government's foreign investment policy and income distribution policy can provide technical support and guidance.
【学位授予单位】：南开大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F124.7;F832.6;F224
本文编号：2478883
[Abstract]:In recent years, foreign direct investment (FDI) has grown rapidly around the world. Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been stimulated by the merger and merger of multinational corporations (TNCs), which has achieved remarkable results in attracting FDI in all regions and industries of our country. With the influx of foreign direct investment, the level of per capita gross national income (GNI) in China has begun to rise greatly, and the income structure of China has also changed. This shows that the number of low-income groups is increasing, the income gap of residents is obviously widening, and showing a trend of gradual expansion. The Gini coefficient of our country is also rising year by year, and has not yet been found to have a downward trend. The 2012 Social Blue Book and the "report on the Social situation in China" issued by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences have pointed out that the widening trend of income gap in China has not yet been reversed. From the analysis of theory and present situation, it can be seen that under the condition of stable economic development and rising living standard of residents in our country, on the one hand, foreign direct investment continues to pour into our country, its investment scale is expanding, its investment field is widening, on the other hand, With the continuous improvement of the income level of residents in our country, the income structure is also changing, and the income gap is widening. In order to maintain the economic development environment of improving the income level of residents and avoiding the widening income gap, the influence of foreign direct investment on the income of Chinese residents should be studied. In addition, in the process of economic globalization, the economic ties of all countries in the world are constantly strengthening and the mutual influence is deepening day by day, and the investment dominated by transnational corporations is widespread all over the world. The relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and income gap has also become a concern of international economists and labor economists, especially in recent years, the wave of anti-globalization in many developing countries is rising day by day. The relevant research conclusions have also been attached great importance to by governments all over the world. Through the historical review and analysis of the current situation of foreign direct investment and the income level of Chinese residents, this paper studies the relationship between foreign investment and the income of Chinese residents from both theoretical and empirical aspects. First of all, this paper reviews the research literature on foreign direct investment and the income level of Chinese residents, reviews the development process of foreign investment and residents' income in China, analyzes the present situation carefully, looks for a breakthrough in the study, and deeply analyzes this problem. On this basis, the theoretical model is established to investigate the influence of foreign direct investment on the income level and income structure of Chinese residents, and then the empirical analysis is carried out. The panel data are used, the observation values are richer, the sample size is expanded, and it is more beneficial to econometric analysis. In the process of panel data processing, more advanced unit root test method and co-integration relationship test method are adopted. In the model estimation, in addition to the basic OLS estimation, the more advanced GMM dynamic estimation method is also used to reflect the dynamic effect of the model. Finally, on the basis of the theoretical and empirical research results, this paper makes a deeper extension and discussion on the impact of foreign direct investment on the income level and income structure of Chinese residents, and puts forward some relevant policy suggestions. This paper studies the relationship between foreign direct investment and income in China, starting with the influence of foreign investment on income level and income structure, and makes a systematic and comprehensive verification. A lot of work has been done in data collation, and a more cutting-edge model estimation method has been adopted in empirical analysis. It is hoped that through the study of this paper, the formulation of our government's foreign investment policy and income distribution policy can provide technical support and guidance.
【学位授予单位】：南开大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F124.7;F832.6;F224
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