FDI对中国制造业区域集聚的影响研究

发布时间：2019-05-20 17:12

【摘要】：新经济地理学使产业集聚成为主流经济学研究的重点问题之一。众多研究表明：产业集聚是一国经济发展的原动力。中国经济的腾飞离不开中国制造业的迅猛发展。上世纪90年代初，中国的制造业尚处于起步阶段，但是伴随着FDI的大量流入，中国制造业出现了高速增长。一方面，FDI对中国经济的发展发挥了积极的促进作用；另一方面，FDI的分布不均造成了中国制造业的空间集聚。中国制造业的区域集聚有力地促进了东部地区的经济发展，但却带来了中国区域经济差距的不断扩大。目前研究产业集聚影响因素的文献很多，但是具体分析FDI对产业集聚影响的研究却相对较少。本文基于FDI影响中国制造业区域集聚的客观事实，试图从FDI的视角阐述中国制造业集聚形成的内在机制。中国制造业的区域分布与FDI的空间布局有着惊人的相似。为此，本文通过2000-2009年中国行业层面的面板数据研究FDI对中国制造业区域集聚的影响，，并在已有研究的基础上归纳出FDI影响中国制造业集聚的三个效应，分别是技术溢出效应、人力资本提升效应和规模经济效应。本文选用目前运用最广的产业集聚指标：空间基尼系数和EG指数来测度中国制造业的集聚程度，选用FDI渗透率来衡量行业FDI渗透程度。通过对FDI与产业集聚指标的相关性分析，初步看出两者存在高度的正相关关系。在此基础上，本文参照DARON ACEMOGLU等（2001）的方法，选取中国制造业最具有代表性的20个行业作为样本进行实证检验。实证结果表明技术溢出效应、人力资本提升效应和规模经济效应均是FDI影响中国制造业集聚的内在机制。根据计量结果，本文针对FDI影响中国制造业集聚的三个效应分别提出相关政策建议，并就合理利用FDI以促进中国经济的均衡发展提出建设性意见。
[Abstract]:The new economic geography makes the industry cluster become one of the main problems in the mainstream economics. Many studies have shown that industrial agglomeration is the motive force of a country's economic development. The development of China's economy is inseparable from the rapid development of Chinese manufacturing industry. In the early 1990s, China's manufacturing industry is still in its infancy, but with the large inflow of FDI, China's manufacturing industry has experienced a high-speed growth. On the one hand, FDI has played a positive role in the development of Chinese economy; on the other hand, the distribution of FDI has caused the spatial agglomeration of Chinese manufacturing industry. The regional agglomeration of China's manufacturing industry has greatly promoted the economic development of the eastern region, but it has brought about a widening of the regional economic gap in China. At present, there are many literatures about the influence factors of industrial agglomeration, but the research on the effect of FDI on the industrial agglomeration is relatively small. This paper, based on the objective fact that FDI affects the agglomeration of China's manufacturing industry, tries to elaborate the internal mechanism of the formation of Chinese manufacturing industry from the perspective of FDI. The regional distribution of China's manufacturing industry has an alarming phase with the spatial layout of FDI To this end, this paper studies the effect of FDI on the regional agglomeration of Chinese manufacturing industry through the panel data of China's industry level in 2000-2009, and summarizes the three effects of FDI on China's manufacturing agglomeration on the basis of the existing research, which is the technology spillover effect. At the same time, the effect of human capital promotion and scale economic effect In this paper, the most widely used industrial cluster index is used in this paper, which is to measure the degree of agglomeration of China's manufacturing industry by using the space-based Nikon coefficient and the EG index, and to use the FDI permeability to measure the infiltration of FDI in the industry. Through the analysis of the correlation between FDI and industrial cluster, it is found that there is a high degree of normal phase. According to the method of DAON ACEMOGLU and the like (2001), this paper selects the representative 20 industries in China's manufacturing industry as the sample The empirical results show that the technology spillover effect, the human capital promotion effect and the scale economic effect are all the factors that the FDI affects China's manufacturing industry Based on the results of the measurement, the paper puts forward the relevant policy suggestions for the three effects of FDI in China's manufacturing industry, and puts forward the construction of the balanced development of China's economy with the rational use of FDI.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F424;F832.6

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