基于蚁群算法的应急车辆调度系统的研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 05:14

本文关键词：基于蚁群算法的应急车辆调度系统的研究　出处：《西安科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着物流的运营发展面向一体化、全球化及信息化,物资的配送环节在整个物流系统中占得比重越来越大。合理的运输路线与否直接影响到物资的配送成本、速度和效益。在配送业务中,配送车辆调度问题的涉及面较广,需要考虑的因素较多,应急物资配送属于物资配送中的特例,应急物资的流向、流量及其精确性、预见性,在支持和保障灾区救援活动中起着重大作用。应急救援物资的运送是救援工作顺利进行的前提条件,而负责应急救援物资运输的物资车辆的路径选择问题是确保救援工作顺利进行的重中之重。动态路况下的应急物流是应急物流中的特例,合理的物资配送车辆的调度,可以有效减少车辆的空载率、提高车辆的利用率。应急物资运送路线问题,其本质是车辆路径问题。但由于在突发事件中,尤其是像地震、泥石流等,路面的状况随时会发生改变,所以传统的路径优化算法不能实时解决根本性问题。本文在针对应急物资配送过程中出现的问题及原有VRP(Vehicle Routing Problem)问题优缺点的基础上,把解决实际问题作为出发点,结合蚁群算法的特点,改进VRP数学模型,提出在原有的VRP数学模型中,加入动态路况因子,做以下研究:分析应急物资配送过程中物资车辆路径合理规划的重要性,并研究一般VRP数学模型的优缺点,在吸取其研究成果的基础上,针对本文考虑的应急物资配送问题,讨论加入动态路况因子,并建立改进的VRP数学模型;在解决加入动态路况因子的VRP中,采用蚁群算法,重点讨论在蚁群算法中,蚂蚁的数量、目的地、路径长度、信息素、路径期望值这些因素在VRP数学模型中的具体体现,对此问题进行全面分析,并以实际城市的经纬度作为目的地参考点,进行MATLAB仿真,并讨论影响其收敛性的因素;在车辆路径规划之后,以STS(Spring Source Tool Suite)为开发平台,java为开发语言,研究3G无线通信技术、北斗卫星通信技术,分析设计应急物资车辆调度平台,实时跟踪车辆,以更准确的监督应急物资的的运输过程。
[Abstract]:With the development of logistics oriented to integration, globalization and information, the distribution of materials in the whole logistics system accounts for more and more proportion. The reasonable transportation route directly affects the distribution cost of materials. Speed and benefit. In the distribution business, the distribution vehicle scheduling problem involves a wide range of factors to be considered, emergency material distribution is a special case of material distribution, the flow of emergency materials. Flow and its accuracy and predictability play an important role in supporting and ensuring disaster relief activities. The transportation of emergency relief materials is a prerequisite for the smooth progress of rescue work. The choice of the route of the materials and vehicles in charge of the transportation of emergency relief materials is the most important thing to ensure the smooth progress of the rescue work. The emergency logistics under the dynamic road condition is the special case in the emergency logistics. Reasonable material distribution vehicle scheduling can effectively reduce the unloaded rate of vehicles and improve the utilization of vehicles. The nature of the emergency material delivery route problem is the vehicle routing problem, but due to emergencies in the event. Especially, such as earthquake, debris flow and so on, the road condition will change at any time. Therefore, the traditional path optimization algorithm can not solve the fundamental problem in real time. This paper aims at the problems in the process of emergency material distribution and the original VRP (. Based on the advantages and disadvantages of Vehicle Routing problem. Taking solving practical problems as the starting point and combining the characteristics of ant colony algorithm, the VRP mathematical model is improved, and the dynamic road condition factor is added to the original VRP mathematical model. Do the following research: analyze the importance of material vehicle routing reasonable planning in the process of emergency material distribution, and study the advantages and disadvantages of the general VRP mathematical model, on the basis of its research results. In view of the emergency material distribution problem considered in this paper, the dynamic road condition factor is added, and the improved VRP mathematical model is established. In order to solve the problem of VRP with dynamic road condition factor, ant colony algorithm is used to discuss the number, destination, path length and pheromone of ant colony algorithm. Path expectation value of these factors in the VRP mathematical model, this problem is comprehensively analyzed, and the actual city latitude and longitude as the destination reference point, MATLAB simulation. The factors affecting its convergence are discussed. After vehicle path planning, the 3G wireless communication technology is studied with STS(Spring Source Tool Suite as the development language and Java as the development language. Beidou satellite communication technology, the analysis and design of emergency vehicle scheduling platform, real-time tracking of vehicles to more accurately monitor the transportation process of emergency supplies.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U492.22

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