工业4.0对德国汽车制造的影响分析

发布时间：2018-01-16 19:32

本文关键词：工业4.0对德国汽车制造的影响分析　出处：《北京外国语大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在过去的几年中,世界经济由于受到几次危机的多重打击,一改新世纪初期繁荣发展的势头,由盛转衰。不少老牌经济发达国家和地区在遭受经济危机的消极影响后,虽然通过种种措施结束了经济负增长的状况,但仍然复苏缓慢,缺乏增长新动力。在这种背景下,世界主要经济体的领导人普遍认为,只有进行科技创新,才能为疲软的世界经济增长再次注入发展活力,才能为世界人民创造更多福祉。为此,各国纷纷提出了针对自身的未来科技发展战略,德国的"工业4.0"计划正是其中一员。工业4.0是由德国政府提出的一个高科技战略计划。顾名思义,工业4.0意指第四次工业革命,是对以信息化、电子化为主要特征的第三次工业革命的进一步发展。德国政府希望借助其在制造业、高科技行业等工业部门的优势,率先实现人类在工业领域的又一次重大突破,以在全球化背景下日益激烈的国际竞争中占得先机,并加快经济复苏的进程。同时,鉴于前三次工业革命对于人类社会及人类文明发展的强大推动力,第四次工业革命的实现也将带来社会生产力的巨大飞跃。因此,工业4.0计划无论是对于德国还是全世界都有着无法估量的影响。作为传统的工业强国,德国在很多工业领域都处于世界领先地位,然而无论是从出口、投资、创新还是从就业方面看,汽车制造业对于德国经济的影响力都是其他行业无法比肩的。而且由于受到行业环境变化的影响,德国汽车制造业也急需一场具有跨时代意义的变革。因此,研究工业4.0对于德国汽车制造业的影响是十分必要的,它是我们观察第四次工业革命将对传统工业部门带来何种影响的一个窗口。同时,由于中国的汽车制造业也面临着相似的发展要求,而国内将工业4.0与汽车制造业相结合进行讨论的专著和论文也不多,所以本文希望就此进行一次详细且全面的研究,力求为中国汽车制造业在未来的发展提供一些参考。由于汽车制造业牵扯范围十分广泛,本文不可能面面俱到。因此,本文将重点放在汽车生产环节之上,因为该环节将在工业4.0新技术引入之后发生最为显著的变化。本文以生产管理理论为分析的理论基础,首先对工业4.0计划的定义、意义以及技术基础进行简要介绍,再对汽车制造业的发展过程以及德国汽车制造业的现状和面临的问题进行评估,接着分别从价值创造网络、汽车生产工作方式和组织形式以及生产过程中物流运输这三个方面,详细分析讨论工业4.0对于德国汽车生产可能产生的影响,最后,本文也将提出德国汽车制造业引入工业4.0新技术的两大困难和挑战。经过分析,本文得出以下结论:随着工业4.0新型生产模式的引入,原有的汽车制造业价值创造链将逐渐形成价值创造网络;汽车生产过程中人与机器的分工合作形式将发生巨大转变,一种全新的社会-技术生产组织形式将成为主流;生产过程中的运输过程的自动化程度将通过智能物流工具的使用进一步提高。如果能够有效地解决工作人员素质问题和关键数据保护问题,德国汽车生产系统的灵活性和转变能力将在工业4.0时代大大提高,更能适应用户对汽车数字化和个性化的新要求。
[Abstract]:In the past few years, the world economy due to multiple hit by several crises, changed the momentum of initial prosperity and development of the new century, the decline of the old economy. Many developed countries and regions in the negative impact by the financial crisis, although through a variety of measures to bring the economic situation of negative growth, but still a slow recovery, the lack of new growth momentum. In this context, leaders of the world's leading economies generally believe that only the innovation of science and technology, in order for the weak growth of the world economy once again into the vitality of development, to create more benefits for the people of the world. Therefore, many countries have put forward their own future development strategy of science and technology, Germany "4" plan is just one of the 4 is a high-tech industry. The strategic plan put forward by the German government. As the name suggests, the 4 industry means the fourth industrial revolution is on informationization, E the further development of the third industrial revolution as the main feature. The German government wants to use in the manufacturing industry, high-tech industry and other industrial sectors, to achieve a breakthrough in the field of industrial human, to take the lead in the context of globalization and international competition is becoming increasingly fierce, and accelerate the pace of economic recovery in the process. At the same time, in view of the three industrial revolution is a powerful impetus for the development of human society and human civilization, the realization of the fourth industrial revolution will also bring a great leap of social productivity. Therefore, 4 of industrial plans for Germany or around the world have an immeasurable effect. As a traditional industrial country, Germany is a world leader in many industries, however, from exports, investment, innovation or from the employment perspective, automobile manufacturing industry for the German economy influence Are unable to par. And other industries affected by the industry environment changes, the German automotive industry also needs a landmark change. Therefore, the research for the German industrial 4 automobile manufacturing industry is very necessary, it is our observation of a window of the fourth industrial revolution will bring what kind of influence the traditional industrial department. At the same time, because of the automobile manufacturing industry Chinese is also facing similar development requirements, while the domestic industry and the automotive industry will be 4 combination of monographs and papers for discussion is not much, so we hope to conduct a detailed and comprehensive research, and strive for the Chinese automobile manufacturing industry some reference in the future development. The automobile industry involves a very wide range, this paper can not cover. Therefore, this paper will focus on the automobile production, because of the ring Festival of the most significant changes will occur after the introduction of new technology. In this paper, 4 industrial production management theory as the theoretical basis of the analysis, the first definition of the 4 industrial plan, significance and technical basis were briefly introduced, and then evaluate the development process of the automobile manufacturing industry and the status quo of the German automobile manufacturing industry and the the problem, then create value from the network, car production methods and organizational forms as well as the production process of logistics and transport in these three aspects, analyzed and discussed in detail for the German automotive industry 4, production possible. Finally, this paper will put forward two major difficulties and challenges of new technology into industry 4 German automobile manufacturing industry after. Analysis, this paper draws the following conclusions: with the introduction of the 4 new mode of industrial production, the creation of value creation chain will gradually formed a network of former automobile manufacturing value; automobile Man and machine in the production process of the division of labor forms will change, a new social technical production organization will become mainstream; the degree of automation in the production process of the transport process through the use of intelligent logistics tools to further improve. If we can effectively solve the problem of staff quality issues and key data protection, automobile production the flexibility of the system and the transformation of Germany will greatly enhance the ability in the industry 4 times, can adapt to the new requirements of automotive digital and personalized user.

【学位授予单位】：北京外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F416.471

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