汽车零部件入厂物流循环取货车辆路径问题研究

发布时间：2018-01-16 20:37

本文关键词：汽车零部件入厂物流循环取货车辆路径问题研究　出处：《沈阳工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国汽车行业发展迅速且正面临日益严峻的竞争与挑战,随着近年来汽车产销量的不断增长,降低物流成本、汽车质量保证等问题日渐引发人们的关注,同时精益化生产的思想在汽车行业的传播与普及引得业界对控制零部件入厂物流的成本和运作效率问题的思考。物流行业中汽车物流是技术性最强、涵盖面最广、技术手段最为复杂的领域,而零部件入厂物流又是公认的汽车物流中最具专业性的环节,影响着汽车制造企业的综合竞争实力,因此选择何种入厂物流模式进行运输成为提高其运作效率的关键。小批量、高频次、拉动式是循环取货模式的显著特征,由于其有效提高送货速度和物流运作效率的特征,使得通过使用循环取货模型规划的车辆路径对汽车制造企业入厂的零部件进行配送,可以极大降低运输成本,提高整个供应链系统的运作效率。基于上述分析,本文使用物流工程学、运筹学和计算机科学等方法,进一步探讨解决汽车零部件入厂物流循环取货车辆的路径问题。首先讨论所要研究问题的背景和意义和国内外研究现状,提出了本文的研究思路和技术框架,然后分别简述了汽车零部件入厂物流、循环取货和车辆路径问题的相关理论。其次,分析了B公司当前的入厂物流现状以及循环取货运作流程与路径规划方法及存在的问题,提出了B公司实施循环取货的必要性。然后结合B公司当前入厂物流情况,通过对约束条件的限制,建立了B公司独特的车辆路径问题的数学模型。通过对标准遗传算法的早熟收敛以及和局部搜索能力不足的缺点进行改进,并对C-W节约启发式算法添加时间约束加以改进,以作为对比方法进行结果比较。同时,本文编写了程序实现改进遗传算法与标准遗传算法的流程并对其进行计算求解。最后,分析发现实施循环取货与B公司当前的入厂物流的模式相比,运输路径减少,物流运作效率大大提高,说明了根据循环取货规划的车辆路径能降低B公司入厂物流成本,说明了实施循环取货的必要性。运用改进遗传算法与运用C-W节约算法规划的路径进行分析对比发现,运输里程大大降低,装载率均匀,验证了建立模型与改进的算法的有效性。本文建立的模型与改进的算法可以降低B公司运输成本,提高物流运作效率,增强企业的综合竞争力,对其他想要尝试实施循环取货的企业也具有重要的指导意义。
[Abstract]:In recent years, China's automobile industry is developing rapidly and is facing increasingly severe competition and challenges. With the continuous growth of automobile production and sales in recent years, the logistics costs are reduced. People pay more and more attention to the problem of automobile quality assurance. At the same time, the spread and popularization of lean production in the automotive industry has led the industry to consider the cost and operational efficiency of controlling the entry logistics of components. In the logistics industry, automobile logistics is the most technical. The most extensive, the most complex technical means of the field, and parts into the factory logistics is recognized as the most professional aspects of automotive logistics, affecting the comprehensive competitive strength of automobile manufacturing enterprises. Therefore, choosing which incoming logistics mode to carry on transportation becomes the key to improve its operation efficiency. Small batch, high frequency and pull are the significant characteristics of recycling mode. Because of the characteristics of improving delivery speed and logistics operation efficiency effectively, the transportation cost can be greatly reduced by using the vehicle path planned by the circular pickup model to distribute the parts and components of the automobile manufacturing enterprise into the factory. Based on the above analysis, this paper uses the methods of logistics engineering, operational research and computer science. First, the background and significance of the research and the status quo of domestic and foreign research are discussed, and the research ideas and technical framework of this paper are put forward. Then, the paper introduces the related theories of automobile parts entry logistics, cyclic cargo collection and vehicle routing respectively. Secondly, the paper gives a brief introduction to the related theories. This paper analyzes the current situation of incoming logistics in B Company, the operation process and route planning method of recycling goods and the existing problems. This paper puts forward the necessity for B company to carry out recycling goods, and then according to the current logistics situation of B company, through the restriction to the constraint condition. The mathematical model of the unique vehicle routing problem of Company B is established, and the shortcomings of the premature convergence of the standard genetic algorithm and the lack of local search ability are improved. And the C-W saving heuristic algorithm is improved by adding time constraints to compare the results as a contrast method. At the same time. In this paper, a program to improve the genetic algorithm and standard genetic algorithm flow and calculate the solution. Finally, the analysis found that the implementation of recycling goods and B company's current mode of inbound logistics compared. With the decrease of transportation route, the efficiency of logistics operation is greatly improved, which shows that the vehicle route according to the plan of recycling goods can reduce the logistics cost of B company. This paper explains the necessity of carrying out cyclic cargo collection and compares the path planning by using improved genetic algorithm and C-W saving algorithm. It is found that the mileage of transportation is greatly reduced and the loading rate is uniform. The model and the improved algorithm established in this paper can reduce the transportation cost of company B, improve the efficiency of logistics operation and enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of enterprises. It also has important guiding significance for other enterprises that want to try to recycle goods.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F252;F426.471

【相似文献】