二冲程低速柴油机轴承磨损监测系统的研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 03:20

本文关键词： 柴油机轴承磨损实时监测应急响应　出处：《上海交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着全球经济一体化的快速发展,海洋运输已经成为国际物流中最主要的运输方式。而柴油机作为船舶的心脏,其安全平稳的运行必须得到确保。而曲轴及其轴承又是柴油机的重要组成部分。近几年,主机厂,船厂以及船东开始意识到油雾探测器[1]的局限性:其反应速度慢,响应滞后,通常情况下,当曲柄箱内的油雾浓度达到报警界限时,各轴承已经发生了严重的损坏。因此,人们对能够实时监测各轴承状态的需求越来越强烈。本文结合当下最常用的二冲程低速柴油机的运行现状,分析了引发柴油机轴承故障的内在因素和外在因素。在此基础上,以提升柴油机运行安全性为目的,本文提出了一种轴承磨损监测系统(Bearing Wear Monitoring System)。该系统利用轴承磨损必然会导致活塞下止点位置变化这一原理,通过对活塞下止点位置的检测和比对来实现对柴油机主轴承,曲柄销轴承和十字头轴承磨损状态的监测。通过分析样机在测试台上的试验情况,并结合柴油机在各工况下活塞下止点位置变化的数据,以及系统经过最终的装机验证后,本文给出了最终具备可操作性的逻辑算法,验证了其可行性和实用性。该系统实现了对柴油机各轴承磨损状况的实时监测,其分辨率达到了0.01mm。同时该系统能够在轴承磨损到达极限值前或磨损状况异常时给出应急响应,必要时能与柴油机监测报警系统通讯给出降速信号。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of global economic integration, ocean transportation has become the most important mode of transportation in international logistics. Its safe and smooth operation must be ensured, and the crankshaft and its bearings are an important part of the diesel engine. In recent years, the main engine yard, shipyard and shipowners have begun to realize the limitations of the oil fog detector [1]: its slow reaction speed and delayed response, Normally, when the concentration of oil mist in the crank box reaches the alarm limit, the bearings have been seriously damaged. There is a growing demand for real-time monitoring of the state of bearings. In this paper, the internal and external factors causing the bearing failure of the diesel engine are analyzed according to the current operating situation of the most commonly used two-stroke low-speed diesel engine. In order to improve the safety of diesel engine, a bearing wear monitoring system is presented in this paper. The system makes use of the principle that bearing wear will inevitably lead to the change of the lower check point position of the piston. The wear status of diesel engine main bearing, crank pin bearing and cross head bearing is monitored by checking and comparing the position of the lower check point of piston. Combined with the data of the change of the position of the piston under the different working conditions and the final verification of the system, this paper gives the final operable logic algorithm. The feasibility and practicability of the system are verified. The system realizes the real-time monitoring of the wear condition of each bearing of diesel engine, and its resolution is up to 0.01 mm. at the same time, the system can give the emergency response before the bearing wear reaches the limit value or when the wear condition is abnormal. When necessary, it can communicate with the diesel engine monitoring and alarm system to give the deceleration signal.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U672.74

【共引文献】