制造执行系统的建模与调度问题研究及应用

发布时间：2018-02-28 20:26

本文关键词： 制造执行系统 Petri网电子地图建模调度死锁　出处：《西安电子科技大学》2015年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：制造业是国民经济和社会进步的物质基础,是国家向前发展的重要体现。而MES作为企业三层信息化模型的中间层,是位于上层计划管理与底层过程控制之间,面向车间制造过程管理与控制的主流信息系统,也已成为企业制造过程的典型现场信息集成系统,但在面对现代制造模式下,MES应用环境日趋复杂,会存在设计不充分、可集成性弱、资源评估不足、重构能力差等方面的问题。以汽车供应链企业为对象,通过分析汽车产业链工艺特点和业务流程,研究建立一种包含需求分析层、工艺业务层、功能层、服务层以及展现层等五层结构的适于产业关联制造模式的MES架构。通过Petri网对MES系统进行建模研究,分析MES的模型复杂度、模型节点特性以及网络核心层等结构特性,利于MES开发难度和总体设计方案的定量描述、评价和MES系统的前期论证。同时对MES的Petri网物流配送模型进行了分析研究,并引入Dijkstra算法对最短路径进行搜索调度研究。MES在全制造过程管控中,需要对资源、任务进行合理的分配,但需要共享与竞争有限的资源,会出现资源的循环等待,势必产生死锁[1]。所以,专门针对MES中的人工鱼群算法、遗传算法在无死锁调度方面进行了深入研究,并提出了相应的改进方法。并针对MES管控制造过程中的动态缓冲区专门进行了基于银行家算法的无死锁调度研究,并提出一种基于混合算法的无死锁调度研究。论文最后结合具体汽车工业园,实现一种实物对象属性和电子地图采样点相映射的电子地图组态结构,构建了一个基于企业电子地图架构的MES的先进制造模拟工厂服务平台,利用该平台可以模拟汽车供应链上的任意产品的制造过程及MES构建。论文主要研究工作如下:1.以汽车供应链为对象,研究并建立一种包含需求分析层、工艺业务层、功能层、服务层以及展现层的五层结构MES架构,从广域的角度建立起应用范围相对较广的MES系统,从一定程度上解决MES产品化问题,从另一角度解决了MES批量使用问题。从而提升MES的通用性、可复制性、可配置性问题。建立并设计一种基于微软ASP.NET MVC 4的WEB插件式系统架构,方便进行各种MES服务的加载和MES功能的增减。最终设计并实现一种基于企业电子地图的基础平台,为MES提供基础支撑和可配置组态功能。2.通过设计MES功能分解图,建立MES的一种Petri网模型,根据Petri网理论知识,对MES的Petri网结构的模型复杂度、模型结点特性以及网络核心层进行了深入分析和研究。通过分析看出,MES不是一个简单的系统结构,从复杂度分析来看,优化系统结构可以集中在优化和简化各位置间或各数据库之间的互联和互访关系。通过模型结点特性分析,对于MES的一些关键功能结点和资源结点,在维护和调整过程中,应避免或减少相应的修改,以此来保证系统运行的稳定性和可靠性不受影响。并建立了MES的核心层网络模型,在MES模型的设计与测试实现的过程中,一定要首先保证这一级核心层网络的可达与稳固,才能确保有效、快速地设计出可靠的系统。3.分别从图论和网论角度对MES的物流管理及调度方面的问题进行了专门研究。引入了Dijkstra算法对最短路径进行搜索调度应用分析,并利用Petri网建立了单向路径配送模式的Petri网模型和无向Petri网模型,为MES前期设计时提供足够的理论和模型支撑。4.针对MES应用环境存在有限资源共享情况,将操作系统中的死锁问题引入到MES车间调度问题中,从调度和控制着手,在Petri网和有向图的基础上建模,分别分析研究了人工鱼群算法、遗传算法、银行家算法以及混合算法四种无死锁调度解决方案,并提出了相应的改进措施,通过仿真和实验对结果进行了验证。论文通过上述工作,将MES设计和实施所要涉及到的架构、建模及死锁调度问题进行了深入研究,可以更好地解决MES的通用性、复制性和可配置性等问题,为MES的应用提供非常重要的理论和实用价值,真正实现MES的产品化,更好地服务支撑供应链企业发展,促进产业转型和升级。
[Abstract]:Manufacturing industry is the foundation of national economy and social progress, is an important embodiment of national development. And MES as the middle layer three layer model of enterprise informatization, is located in the upper plan management and process control, workshop manufacturing process management and control of the mainstream information system, has become a typical field enterprise information integrated system the manufacturing process, but in the face of modern manufacturing mode, MES application environment is becoming increasingly complex, there will be insufficient design, integration of the weak, lack of resource assessment, reconstruction ability and other aspects of the problem. In the automobile supply chain enterprises as the object, through the analysis of process characteristics of automobile industry chain and business process analysis layer a demand of technology, business layer, function layer, suitable for manufacturing industry association mode MES framework service layer and presentation layer five layer structure of MES system. Through the Petri network Modeling research, MES analysis of the complexity of the model, structure model and core network node characteristics, to quantitative MES development difficulty and the overall design description, evaluation and early demonstration of the MES system. At the same time Petri net logistics model of MES are studied, and Dijkstra algorithm is used to search the scheduling research.MES in the whole manufacturing process control in the shortest path, the need for resources, task allocation, but need to share and competition of limited resources, there will be a resource cycle of waiting, is bound to the deadlock in [1]., specifically for the artificial fish swarm algorithm MES, genetic algorithm is studied in the deadlock free scheduling, and puts forward the improvement method. And the dynamic buffer MES control in the manufacturing process of deadlock free scheduling research based on banker algorithm, and put forward a A deadlock free scheduling research based on hybrid algorithm. Finally, combined with the specific automobile industrial park, to achieve a real object attributes and map sampling point mapping map configuration structure, build a factory service platform for simulation of advanced manufacturing enterprise electronic map based on MES architecture, the platform can be any product manufacturing process simulation of the automotive supply chain and construction of MES. The main research work is as follows: 1. in the automotive supply chain as the object of study and establish a contains demand analysis layer, business process layer, function layer, service layer and presentation layer of the five layer structure of MES, built from the angle of wide area MES system application the relatively wide, to solve the problem of MES products from a certain extent, from another point of view to solve the problem. The use of MES mass so as to enhance the versatility of MES, can be copied, configurability. The establishment and design of a Microsoft ASP.NET MVC 4 based on the WEB plug-in system architecture, to facilitate various MES service loading and MES function change. Finally the design and implementation of a platform for enterprise based on electronic map, provide basic support and configuration function of.2. through the design of MES functional decomposition diagrams for MES, a the Petri net model of MES is built based on Petri net theory, Petri net structure of MES the complexity of the model, node model and the characteristics of the network core layer is studied and analyzed deeply. The analysis shows that the MES is not a simple system structure, from complexity analysis, optimize the system structure can focus on Optimization and you set the database or simplify the interconnection and mutual visits. Through model analysis for MES node characteristics, some key function nodes and resource nodes in the maintenance and adjustment process That should be avoided or reduced accordingly, in order to ensure the stability and reliability of the system is not affected. And the establishment of the core layer MES network model, in the process of design and test of MES model implementation, we must first ensure that the core layer of the network is to ensure the effective and stable. To quickly design a reliable.3. system were studied respectively, logistics management and scheduling for MES problems from the point of view of graph theory and network theory. It introduces the Dijkstra algorithm for scheduling application analysis to search the shortest path, and establishes the Petri net model of one-way path distribution model and model free to use Petri network Petri network for MES, the design stage and provide sufficient theoretical support.4. model for the MES environment there is a limited resource sharing, the operating system deadlock problem into the MES from the shop scheduling problem. Scheduling and control in the hands of Petri nets and directed graph on the basis of modeling, studied the artificial fish swarm algorithm, genetic algorithm, banker's algorithm and hybrid algorithm of the four deadlock free scheduling solution, and put forward the corresponding improvement measures, through simulation and experiment to verify the results. The paper by the above work the design and implementation of MES to be related to architecture, in-depth research on Modeling and deadlock free scheduling problems, can better solve the problem of the generic MES, replication and configuration, the application of MES provides a very important theoretical and practical value, the real implementation of MES products, better service support supply chain enterprise development, promote industrial restructuring and upgrading.

【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F270.7;F426.471;TP301.1

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