基于DPSIR框架的珠江三角洲农地利用可持续性评价

发布时间：2018-05-06 06:49

本文选题：DPSIR框架 + 珠三角(珠江三角洲)　；参考：《暨南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：农地资源是城市和工业发展的命根,是人类赖以生存的基础,更是土地资源的重要组成部分。然而在快速城镇化和人口规模扩张的双重压力下,我国的人地矛盾日益凸显。目前我国面临着巨大的农地资源数量和质量问题,严重制约着我国城镇化和城镇经济转型升级进程。粗放型、资源消耗型和污染严重的农地利用模式亟需变革,可持续农地利用就是这样进入了全球学者与政策制定者的视觉。本文以可持续性评价为主线,运用“驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应”(DPSIR)框架为评价模型,以珠三角的农地利用模式为评价对象,旨在发现珠三角历年农地利用的可持续性水平演变规律与及阻碍珠三角农地可持续利用的关键问题,并在此基础上结合珠三角的特色和发展方向,为主体功能区规划指导下的珠三角农业空间的合理保留和农地利用的科学规划及管理的政策制定提供参考。通过研究,本文得出以下发现:(1)珠江三角洲农地利用可持续度总体上呈现波动下降的趋势;(2)主要经历了四个阶段的波动,并最终稳定在可持续利用的初级阶段状态。由此得出珠三角农地利用可持续水平的几个演变规律:a.快速城镇化导致驱动力系数上升,是珠三角农地利用模式变化的主要动因;b.区位联动性,珠三角较发达城市的农地非农开发压力逐渐向其周边欠发达城市扩散;c.政策扮演着重要角色,对评价结果造成明显影响;d.过度密集的耕作方式对压力指标水平造成的历史性反复则说明了政府科学指导、管理农户耕种方式对维持土壤生产力、实现珠三角农地可持续利用的必要性和紧迫性。e.以科技和人才带动发展精细化、生态化、永续式的都市农业,将对寸金尺土的珠三角实现农地可持续利用起到巨大的支撑作用。进而探讨了影响珠三角农地可持续利用的几个问题:(1)珠三角经济发展和城镇化进程与农地可持续利用的背离(2)农地利用的可持续性不理想,主要是由于农地系统承受了过大的人为开发和使用压力,导致其土地存量减少和土地利用的不稳定。更深刻的问题是,农地的生态价值及生态损耗并没有进入效率测算的框架中;(3)珠三角超级大城市呈现出严重的粮食自给脆弱性,并且似乎并不能简单的以粮食物流化解;(4)农地调控管理的政策和制度一度出现了失灵的状态,这很可能与农地质量监管的失效和基层的参与度不足而导致政策制度实施绩效严重损耗有关。因此,呼吁农地利用模式向集约型、精细化、生态化转型,并提出了理念先行、紧抓规划、加强科学指导、促进农地利用模式转型、完善生态补偿制度、提高土地管理和执法水平、与及推动公共参与等的政策建议。
[Abstract]:Agricultural land resource is the life root of city and industry development, the foundation of human survival, and the important part of land resource. However, under the double pressure of rapid urbanization and population expansion, the contradiction between man and land is becoming increasingly prominent. At present, China is faced with huge problems of the quantity and quality of agricultural land resources, which seriously restricts the process of urbanization and urban economic transformation and upgrading. Extensive, resource-consuming and polluted agricultural land use patterns need to be changed, and sustainable farmland use has entered the vision of global scholars and policy makers. This paper takes sustainability evaluation as the main line, applies the framework of "driving-pressure-state-impact-response" as the evaluation model, and takes the agricultural land use pattern of the Pearl River Delta as the evaluation object. The purpose of this paper is to find out the law of the sustainable level evolution of farmland use in the Pearl River Delta and the key problems that hinder the sustainable use of agricultural land in the Pearl River Delta, and to combine the characteristics and development direction of the Pearl River Delta. It provides a reference for the rational reservation of agricultural space in the Pearl River Delta and the scientific planning and management of agricultural land use under the guidance of the planning of the main function area. Based on the research, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) the sustainable degree of farmland use in the Pearl River Delta shows a downward trend of fluctuation on the whole (2) it mainly experienced four stages of fluctuation, and finally stabilized in the initial stage of sustainable utilization. From this, several rules of evolution of the sustainable level of farmland use in the Pearl River Delta are obtained. Rapid urbanization leads to the increase of driving force coefficient, which is the main reason for the change of farmland use pattern in the Pearl River Delta. In the Pearl River Delta, the pressure of agricultural land non-agricultural development is gradually spreading to the less developed cities in the Pearl River Delta. Policy plays an important role and has a significant impact on the evaluation results. The historical repetition of excessive intensive farming on the pressure index level shows the necessity and urgency of the government scientific guidance and the management of farmers' farming methods to maintain soil productivity and realize the sustainable use of agricultural land in the Pearl River Delta. The urban agriculture, which is driven by science and technology and talents, will play a great supporting role in realizing the sustainable use of farmland in the Pearl River Delta. Furthermore, several problems affecting the sustainable use of agricultural land in the Pearl River Delta are discussed: (1) the economic development and urbanization process in the Pearl River Delta and the deviation between the sustainable use of agricultural land and the sustainable use of agricultural land are not ideal. It is mainly due to the excessive pressure of artificial development and use of farmland system, which leads to the decrease of land stock and the instability of land use. The more profound problem is that the ecological value and ecological loss of agricultural land have not entered the framework of efficiency measurement. And it seems that the policy and system of agricultural land regulation and management cannot be easily dissolved by grain logistics. At one time, the policy and system of agricultural land regulation and management have appeared to be in a state of failure. This may be related to the failure of farmland quality supervision and the lack of participation at the grass-roots level, which results in serious loss of performance in the implementation of policies and systems. Therefore, the paper calls for the transformation of agricultural land use mode to intensive, refined and ecological, and puts forward the idea of giving priority to planning, strengthening scientific guidance, promoting the transformation of agricultural land use mode, and perfecting the ecological compensation system. Policy recommendations to improve land management and law enforcement, and to promote public participation.
【学位授予单位】：暨南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F301

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