新常态下我国铁路货物快运班列开行方案优化设计

发布时间：2018-05-27 05:34

本文选题：铁路快运货物班列 + 开行方案　；参考：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济发展进入新常态,社会产业结构也发生了很大的调整。政府推出重点化解产能过剩,推动产业转型升级的新战略,导致以大宗货物运输为主的铁路运输受到很大的影响。面对货源的急剧减少以及其他运输方式的竞争压力,发展适应现代化物流市场的快捷化运输已经是现代铁路发展的一大趋势。而开行方案是铁路部门工作的指导性文件,其合理与否直接影响运输生产效率和服务水平,因此,研究快运班列的开行方案对提高铁路在快运市场的占有率、合理利用铁路运能资源具有重要的现实意义。本论文在此背景下,研究了我国铁路货物快运班列开行方案优化设计中的几个相关问题。1、总结了我国铁路现行快运货物班列的组织现状。通过统计中国铁路客户服务中心公布的快运货物班列开行方案的数据,对快捷货物运输的组织流程、快运货物班列的产品体系以及各类班列的主要特征进行系统分析,得出我国现行快运班列存在市场竞争力不足、班列兑现率不高、快运产品开发策略不足和开行方案优化不足等问题。2、研究了稳定直达班列优先固化条件下的快运货物班列的开行方案编制方法。针对快捷货流对时效性要求高的特殊性,本文提出将一部分优质稳定货流优先固定在直达班列上的方法。此外,对剩余货流在编制开行方案时,同时考虑直达班列和中转班列相结合的开行模式、班列的灵活编组、多等级服务和货主的最大允许送达时间约束四个因素,最终得到更加符合实际需求的开行方案。3、构建了基于节点拆分方式的快运货物班列开行方案优化模型。将每个节点拆分为到达节点和出发节点,在节点间添加联弧,得到铁路货物快运班列运输服务网络。这样,铁路货物快运班列开行方案优化问题可以理解为在拆分后的网络中添加联弧,从而转化为一类特殊的网络设计问题。采用K短路的算法将车流分配到该运输网路中,在此基础上确定快运货物班列的开行方案。最后借助商业软件LINGO11对模型进行求解。算例表明,给出的模型和求解策略能够在较短时间内得到问题的全局最优解。
[Abstract]:With China's economic development into the new normal, the social industrial structure has also been greatly adjusted. The government's new strategy to focus on resolving overcapacity and upgrading the industry has had a big impact on rail transport, which is dominated by bulk freight. In the face of the sharp decrease in the supply of goods and the competitive pressure of other modes of transportation, it is a major trend of modern railway development to develop and adapt to the rapid transportation of modern logistics market. And the opening plan is the guiding document of the railway department's work, and whether it is reasonable or not has a direct impact on the efficiency of transportation and the level of service. Therefore, it is necessary to study the operation plan of the express train to increase the share of the railway in the express transportation market. It is of great practical significance to make rational use of railway transportation capacity resources. Based on this background, this paper studies several related problems in the optimization design of railway freight express train operation scheme in China, and summarizes the present organization status of China's railway express freight train. Based on the statistics of the data of the express freight train operation plan published by the China Railway customer Service Center, the organization process of the express freight transportation, the product system of the express freight train and the main characteristics of the various classes are systematically analyzed. It is concluded that the current express train in China is not competitive enough in the market, and the cash rate of the class train is not high. The problems of product development strategy and optimization of express transportation products are insufficient. 2. This paper studies the programming method of express freight schedule under the condition of stable and direct train priority solidification. In view of the particularity of fast cargo flow which requires high timeliness, this paper puts forward a method of first fixing part of high quality and stable cargo flow on the direct train. In addition, four factors are taken into account in the preparation of the opening plan for the remaining cargo flow, such as the combination of direct train and transit train, flexible grouping, multi-level service and the maximum allowable delivery time of the owner. Finally, the opening scheme. 3, which is more in line with the actual demand, is obtained, and the optimization model of the express cargo routing scheme based on the node split mode is constructed. Each node is divided into arrival node and departure node, and an arc is added between the nodes to obtain the rail freight express train transport service network. In this way, the optimization problem of railway freight train operation scheme can be understood as adding an arc to the separated network, which can be transformed into a special network design problem. On the basis of K short circuit algorithm, the train flow is assigned to the transportation network, and on this basis, the operating scheme of the express freight train is determined. Finally, the model is solved by commercial software LINGO11. An example shows that the global optimal solution of the problem can be obtained in a short time by the proposed model and solution strategy.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U292

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