重型汽车盘式制动器结构轻量化设计研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 19:09

本文选题：盘式制动器 + 有限元分析　；参考：《聊城大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着现代物流业的高速发展,重型汽车的市场份额比重越来越大。在制动系统中,盘式制动器因其结构紧凑、热稳定性和水稳定性好等优点正在逐步代替鼓式制动器,被广泛应用于汽车上。步入二十一世纪以来,世界各国环境状况日益恶化、石油资源消耗过度,汽车数量的增多不仅耗费石油资源而且污染环境,因此对节能减排技术的研发成为各大汽车厂商研究的重中之重。汽车的轻量化设计不仅可以减轻汽车重量降低汽车生产成本,还对节能减排具有重要意义。盘式制动器作为重型汽车的制动装置,其重量相对较大,因此对其进行轻量化设计存在很大的必要性。本文以中国某款重型汽车盘式制动器为研究对象,通过分析其结构和关键零部件确定了本课题研究的零部件。利用CAD软件UG建立了盘式制动器的三维几何模型,建立的几何模型中含有制动盘、钳体壳、制动块、制动块背板和托架。将本课题研究的钳体壳和托架的几何模型分别导入到CAE软件HyperMesh中,建立了有限元模型并进行了仿真分析和模态分析,根据仿真分析结果和模态分析结果可以看出钳体壳和托架存在很大优化空间。然后基于OptiStruct模块对钳体壳和托架进行了拓扑优化。最后通过UG软件重新建立了优化后的几何模型,导入到Hyper Mesh软件中建立了有限元模型,并进行了仿真分析和模态分析。根据计算出的优化钳体壳和托架的位移云图和应力云图可知,优化后的模型在强度达到了性能要求,根据模态分析对模型前10阶振型的频率值分析可知优化后的模型结构更加符合要求。将优化后的盘式制动器与原盘式制动器进行对比,其优化后在满足性能要求的同时,总质量得到了一定幅度的降低,实现了轻量化设计的目标。本文的研究方法为今后汽车轻量化设计的研究提供了一种方法。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern logistics industry, the market share of heavy-duty vehicles is increasing. In braking system, disc brake is gradually replacing drum brake because of its compact structure, good thermal stability and good water stability, so it is widely used in automobile. Since the 21 century, the environmental situation of the world has been deteriorating day by day, the oil resource is consumed excessively, the number of automobile is increasing not only consume the oil resource but also pollute the environment. Therefore, the research and development of energy-saving and emission-reduction technology has become the most important research for major automobile manufacturers. The lightweight design of automobile can not only reduce the vehicle weight and reduce the production cost, but also play an important role in energy saving and emission reduction. As the brake device of heavy duty vehicle, disc brake has relatively large weight, so it is necessary to carry out lightweight design. In this paper, a heavy truck disc brake in China is taken as the research object. By analyzing its structure and key parts, the parts studied in this paper are determined. The 3D geometric model of disc brake is established by using CAD software UG. The geometric model is composed of brake disc, clamping shell, brake block backboard and bracket. The geometric models of clamping shell and bracket are introduced into the CAE software HyperMesh respectively. The finite element model is established and the simulation and modal analysis are carried out. According to the results of simulation and modal analysis, it can be seen that there is great space for optimization of clamping shell and bracket. Then, based on OptiStruct module, topology optimization of clamping shell and bracket is carried out. Finally, the optimized geometry model is re-established by UG software, and the finite element model is built into Hyper mesh software, and the simulation and modal analysis are carried out. According to the calculated displacement cloud diagram and stress cloud diagram of the clamped shell and bracket, the optimized model meets the performance requirements in strength. According to the modal analysis of the frequency value of the first 10 modes of the model, it can be seen that the optimized model structure is more suitable to the requirements. The optimized disc brake is compared with the original disc brake. After the optimization, the total quality is reduced to a certain extent and the lightweight design goal is realized. The research method in this paper provides a method for the future research of automobile lightweight design.
【学位授予单位】：聊城大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U463.512

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