基于SCP视角的东北地区饲料加工业发展研究

发布时间：2018-07-10 13:57

本文选题：饲料加工业 + SCP范式　；参考：《吉林农业大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：饲料加工业是一个综合性的产业部门,是以饲料生产企业为核心,上游连接种植业,下游连接养殖业,以市场机制为中心形成的产业链组织。目前,中国饲料加工业已经形成了包括饲料加工工业、饲料原料工业、饲料添加剂工业和饲料机械工业在内的结构比较完整、功能比较齐全的产业体系,成为国民经济中不可替代的基础产业,具有举足轻重的地位。饲料加工业的大力发展,不仅带动了种植业和养殖业的发展,而且促进了畜禽产品加工、物流、仓储、零售业的进步,对于推进第三产业的发展,调整和优化农业产业结构具有非常重要的意义。目前,东北地区的饲料加工业体系已经基本形成,饲料加工业已经成为国民经济中的重要产业部门。饲料加工业在总产量和企业数量等方面有了一定的优势,一些大型企业集团在国内市场上占有了一席之地,但是东北地区的饲料企业集中度偏低,基本属于原子型的市场结构,数量众多的小企业不能形成规模经济,竞争激烈。而且大量条件不足的新生饲料企业也纷纷进入市场,这些企业实力不强,在产品开发上完全模仿知名企业的产品,同质化现象严重,产品质量难以保障。本文依据产业组织理论,采用实证分析和规范分析相结合、定性分析和定量分析相结合的方法,从东北地区饲料加工业的产业环境分析入手,从SCP视角对东北地区饲料加工业的市场结构、市场行为和市场绩效进行定性和定量分析,并研究三者之间的关系,建立东北地区饲料加工业竞争力的评价指标并进行评价,同时对影响东北地区饲料加工业发展的内在和外在因素进行研究,为东北地区饲料加工业的发展提供依据及其政策建议,也为其他地区饲料加工业的发展提供借鉴。通过分析得出了如下结论:第一,经济快速发展、人口持续增长的同时,未来食品的消费尤其是肉类食品消费还会继续增加,这必然导致粮食和畜产品的消费量增加,从而作为中间产品的饲料的需求将持续上升。东北地区饲料粮的生产结构与消费需求结构不一致,饲料的供给存在相对不足,供给和需要矛盾还会持续;第二,从东北地区饲料加工业的市场结构角度分析,饲料加工业内的小企业数量过多,为集中度偏低、原子型的市场结构,这种结构使东北地区的饲料企业表现为少数大型企业与众多中小型企业并存的“过度分散”和“两级分化”的市场结构状态。饲料加工业的结构性壁垒、成本壁垒和政策性壁垒偏低。第三,在东北地区饲料加工业分散的市场结构条件下,任何一家饲料企业都无力控制饲料市场的价格,只能是价格接受者。但具有一定规模的地方性企业还是有能力采取限制性定价等方式,来参与市场竞争,并在竞争中获胜。这也是饲料加工业区域性市场特征在定价行为上的具体体现。非价格策略主要包括营销策略、产品差异化策略、技术创新及并购重组等。在东北地区个别企业以低质量低价格的过度营销导致一定程度的市场无序,影响了市场绩效。第四,从市场绩效角度分析,东北地区饲料加工业的相关技术有了一定程度发展,技术进步的指数在全国居于中游,并且保持了持续上升的势头。由于技术进步的因素影响,使东北地区的全要素生产率处于全国中游的水平,但是纯技术效率指数、规模效率指数、综合技术效率指数较低;第五,在全国饲料加工业产品同质化和技术创新不足的背景下,比较全国饲料加工业区域竞争力的得分情况,可分为三个等级:东北地区属于第三等级,综合竞争力的评价结果较低。第六,从产品结构因素看,饲料加工企业间竞争激烈、存在着潜在进入者的威胁、饲料加工业的上下游产业的发展直接影响饲料供给;从饲料加工业政策因素看,东北地区饲料加工业缺少优惠和扶植政策、饲料加工业的检测及监管体系不够健全、饲料企业对现有的政策内容认知、政策效用认知不够;从饲料企业自身因素以及产品自身等因素看,饲料加工业的生产和产品结构不够合理、饲料企业运行成本高、企业管理制度和理念有待于提升,食品安全及公共卫生事件构成阻碍东北地区饲料加工业快速健康发展的主要因素。本文的创新点主要体现在:(1)研究视角创新。尝试在SCP框架下对东北地区饲料加工业及其上下游产业部门进行结构—行为—绩效的实证研究,得出“过度分散”和“两级分化”的市场结构、无序的市场价格竞争行为导致东北地区饲料加工业竞争力低下的结论。(2)研究范围创新。本文将东北三省看做一个整体,从中观角度使用计量经济模型对饲料加工业的市场结构和市场绩效进行研究。目前,学术领域内对饲料加工业的研究主要集中在饲料生产技术方面以及饲料生产管理和饲料营销方面,这些研究都是建立在企业的微观层面上,从产业层面研究饲料加工业问题,一般也是局限于某一个省市,还少有学者从产业特征相似的地区产业范围来研究饲料加工业发展问题。论文从产品结构、企业运行、政策因素等方面分析了东北地区饲料加工业发展影响因素,为东北地区饲料加工业发展对策的制定提供了一依据。
[Abstract]:The feed processing industry is a comprehensive industrial sector, which is the core of the feed production enterprises, the upstream link planting industry, the downstream connection breeding industry and the market mechanism as the center of the industrial chain. At present, the Chinese feed processing industry has formed a feed processing industry, feed raw material industry, feed additive industry and feed machinery. The industry system, which has a relatively complete structure and complete function, has become an irreplaceable basic industry in the national economy. The development of the feed processing industry has not only led to the development of planting and breeding, but also promoted the progress of livestock and poultry products, logistics, storage and retail industry. In the development of the third industry, it is of great significance to adjust and optimize the structure of the agricultural industry. At present, the feed processing industry system in the Northeast has been basically formed. The feed processing industry has become an important industrial sector in the national economy. The feed processing industry has a certain advantage in the total output and the number of enterprises. The enterprise group occupies a place in the domestic market, but the concentration of the feed enterprises in the northeast is low, which is basically an atomistic market structure. A large number of small enterprises can not form a scale economy, and the competition is fierce. Moreover, the new feed enterprises with a large number of insufficient conditions have also entered the market. On the basis of industrial organization theory, this paper, based on industrial organization theory, combines empirical analysis with normative analysis, and combines qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, starting with the industrial environment analysis of the feed processing industry in Northeast China, and from the perspective of SCP to the northeast area. The market structure, market behavior and market performance of the feed processing industry are qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed, and the relationship between the three is studied. The evaluation index and evaluation of the competitiveness of the feed processing industry in Northeast China are established and the internal and external factors affecting the development of the feed processing industry in Northeast China are studied, and the feed added to the northeast region is added to the northeast region. The development of industry provides the basis and policy recommendations, and also provides reference for the development of the feed processing industry in other areas. Through analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: first, the rapid economic development, the continuous growth of the population, and the future consumption of food, especially meat food, will continue to increase, which will inevitably lead to the consumption of food and livestock products. The demand for feed as intermediate products will continue to rise. The production structure of feed grain in the northeast is not consistent with the consumption demand structure, the supply of feed is relatively inadequate and the contradiction between supply and demand will continue. Second, from the perspective of the market structure of the feed processing industry in the Northeast, the small enterprises in feed and industry are added to the industry. The quantity is too large, the concentration is low, the market structure of the atomic type, this structure makes the feed enterprises in the northeast region show the state of "excessive dispersion" and "two grade differentiation" in the coexistence of a few large enterprises and many small and medium enterprises. The structural barriers of the feed processing industry, the cost barrier and the policy barrier are low. Third, Under the decentralized market structure of the feed processing industry in Northeast China, any feed enterprise is unable to control the price of the feed market, only the price recipient. But the local enterprises with a certain scale have the ability to take restrictive pricing and other ways to participate in the market competition and win the competition. This is also the feed processing. The non price strategy mainly includes marketing strategy, product differentiation strategy, technology innovation and merger and reorganization. In Northeast China, the low quality and low price excessive marketing leads to a certain degree of market disorder and influence the market performance. Fourth, from the perspective of market performance. According to the analysis, the related technologies of the feed processing industry in Northeast China have been developed to a certain extent. The index of technological progress has been in the middle reaches of the country and maintained the momentum of continuous rising. The index of comprehensive technical efficiency is low; fifth, in the background of homogenization and lack of technological innovation in the national feed processing industry, the comparison of the regional competitiveness of the national feed processing industry can be divided into three grades: the northeast area belongs to the third grade, the evaluation result of the comprehensive competitiveness is low. Sixth, from the factor of product structure, feed The competition among the processing enterprises is fierce, there is a threat of potential entry. The development of the upstream and downstream industries of the feed processing industry will directly affect the feed supply. From the policy factors of feed processing industry, the feed processing industry in the northeast is short of preferential and supporting policies, the testing and supervision system of the feed processing industry is not perfect, and the feed enterprises are to the existing government. Content cognition and policy utility cognition are not enough. From the factors of feed enterprises themselves and products themselves, the production and product structure of feed processing industry are not reasonable enough, the running cost of feed enterprises is high, the management system and concept of enterprise need to be promoted, food safety and public health events constitute a hindrance to the feed processing industry in Northeast China. The main factors of the rapid and healthy development are as follows: (1) the research perspective innovation. An Empirical Study on the structure behavior performance of the feed processing industry and its upstream and downstream industries in Northeast China under the framework of SCP has been tried to obtain the market structure of "excessive dispersion" and "two grade differentiation", and the disorderly market price competition. The behavior leads to the low competitiveness of the feed processing industry in Northeast China. (2) the research scope innovation. In this paper, the three provinces of Northeast China are regarded as a whole, and the market structure and market performance of the feed processing industry are studied by using econometric model from the middle angle. At present, the research on feed processing industry in the academic field is mainly concentrated on the feed students. In terms of production technology, feed production management and feed marketing, these studies are based on the micro level of the enterprise and study the feed processing industry from the industrial level. Generally, the research is limited to a certain province and city, and few scholars have studied the development of feed processing industry from the similar industrial characteristics. The influence factors of the development of the feed processing industry in Northeast China were analyzed in the aspects of product structure, enterprise operation and policy factors, which provided a basis for the development of the feed processing industry in Northeast China.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F324.6

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