转炉经济炉龄的探讨与研究

发布时间：2018-07-29 14:24

【摘要】：随着社会的不断发展和进步,企业的竞争力不断的加大,效益决定着企业的生死存亡。转炉在炼钢厂中发挥着不可替代的作用,而转炉的寿命的决定着企业的效益。在20世纪末期,国内各大型钢厂均进行了转炉长寿化的探索和研究,转炉炉龄不断的提高,通过采用溅渣护炉和“铁水三脱”后的少渣冶炼等措施,炉龄达到10000炉以上已经不是技术难题。转炉长寿化后在很大程度上解决了铁钢物流平衡的问题,但随之带来了三方面的影响:影响一是衬砖耐侵蚀性能要求严格使得耐材成本居高不下,不仅大面料及喷补料在炉役中后期消耗较大,而且溅渣成本在后期不断提高。影响二是复吹寿命明显降低,复吹效果变差。影响三是炉役中后期由于补炉次数的增加,已经不能发挥高炉龄平衡铁钢物流的作用,成为生产的限制环节。所以炉龄达到一定水平以后,炉龄提高,获得经济效益的幅度是下降的,不如以最佳炉龄,保持最佳经济效益来得合理,炉龄过高需要设备检修,尤其是全公司生产组织不好协调,不如按计划停炉。溅渣层在反复溅渣条件下,有害元素富集,影响钢质量,尤其不适于高质量钢的冶炼。炉龄过高,炉役后期底吹和炉体维护困难。因此可归纳出炉龄不是越高越好,所以开发经济炉龄势在必行。为在各转炉找到各转炉经济炉龄的最佳点,我们对溅渣、补炉参数、材料价格等根据实际情况设定,通过调整溅渣比率、溅渣时间、溅渣流量、补炉方式、补炉料消耗、补炉周期等,将综合成本最低点控制在上最佳经济炉龄范围,以找到最佳的炉龄。实施经济炉龄后,由于溅渣及补炉等炉衬维护时间的缩短,提高了转炉作业率,从而提高了产能,使得产量每年增加了4.74万吨。实施经济炉龄后复吹比率大大提高,底吹效果显著改善,可以使得每吨钢的成本有所降低,每吨钢的成本可以降低6.30元,提高了经济效益。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development and progress of the society, the competitiveness of enterprises is constantly increasing, and the benefits determine the survival of enterprises. Converter plays an irreplaceable role in steelmaking plant, and the life of converter determines the benefit of enterprise. At the end of the 20th century, the long life of converter was explored and studied in all the domestic large steel plants. The converter life was continuously improved, and the slag splashing was adopted to protect the furnace and to smelt less slag after "hot metal three stripping", and so on. It is no longer a technical problem for the furnace to reach 10000 heats or more. After long life of converter, the problem of material flow balance of iron and steel has been solved to a great extent, but it has brought three influences: the first one is that the corrosion resistance of lining brick is strict and the cost of refractory material is high. Not only large fabrics and sprayed materials are consumed in the middle and late period of furnace service, but also the cost of slag splashing increases continuously in the later period. The second effect is that the life of complex blowing is obviously reduced and the effect of complex blowing becomes worse. The third one is that because of the increase of the number of furnaces in the middle and late period of furnace service, it has been unable to play the role of balancing iron and steel logistics in blast furnace age, and has become the limiting link of production. Therefore, when the furnace age reaches a certain level, the furnace life will be increased, and the range of economic benefits obtained will decrease. It is better to use the best furnace age to maintain the best economic benefit, and it is reasonable to maintain the best economic benefit. The overage of the furnace requires the maintenance of equipment. In particular, the company's production organization is not well coordinated, as planned to stop the furnace. Under the condition of repeated slag splashing, the accumulation of harmful elements affects the quality of steel, especially for the smelting of high quality steel. If the furnace age is too high, it is difficult to maintain the bottom blowing and furnace body in the later stage of furnace service. Therefore, it can be concluded that the higher the furnace life, the better, so the development of economic furnace life is imperative. In order to find the best point of each converter's economic life in each converter, according to the actual situation, we set the slag splashing ratio, slag splashing time, slag splashing flow rate, recharging method and charge consumption according to the actual situation, such as slag splashing, furnace parameters, material price and so on. In order to find the best furnace life, the lowest comprehensive cost is controlled in the best economic life range. After the implementation of economic furnace life, due to the shortening of slag splashing and furnace lining maintenance time, the operation rate of converter is increased, thus the production capacity is increased, and the output is increased by 47400 tons per year. The ratio of combined blowing is greatly increased and the effect of bottom blowing is obviously improved after the implementation of economic furnace life, the cost per ton of steel can be reduced to some extent, and the cost per ton of steel can be reduced by 6.30 yuan, thus increasing the economic benefit.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TF748.2

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