中铁联合物流RUL-C1型卷钢座架强度仿真及试验研究
发布时间：2018-11-03 15:55
【摘要】：卷钢运输是铁路货物安全生产的重点,其由于外形特殊、质量大,装车后不易加固,容易在运输途中发生位移和滚动,这将导致货车偏载、偏重,损坏车辆部件,甚至因货物掉落而造成重大行车事故。近些年来,使用卷钢座架装运卷钢成为一种趋势,既能装卸方便,又能防止卷钢破损。 卷钢座架在投入使用前,需要校核其强度是否满足运输安全要求,即通过试验模拟调车冲撞工况,采集座架危险截面和关键点的工作应力,再将工作应力和材料的许用应力作对比,若工作应力小于许用应力,则座架强度合格,反之则不合格。以往的试验中,主要依靠检测人员的经验判断座架危险截面和关键点的位置以布置测点,存在不确定性。有限元仿真分析能够很好地模拟座架在调车冲撞工况下的应力分布情况,指导试验测点布置,提高检测试验的严谨性。此外,应用有限元软件改进座架的薄弱部位,经仿真计算合格后再进行样品生产和强度考核,能够减少试验次数,降低试验费用,减少人力、物力和时间上的投入。 论文采用理论分析和检测试验相结合的形式,以中铁联合物流股份有限公司生产的RUL-Cl型卷钢座架为例进行强度有限元分析和强度检测试验。在强度有限元分析部分,首先应用刚体力学相关理论分析座架在调车冲撞工况下受到的载荷和约束,并利用Solidworks软件建立座架实体模型,利用Hypermesh软件划分有限元网格,以及利用Ansys软件进行仿真计算,通过联合建模仿真分析得到座架在调车冲撞下的应力分布情况。强度检测试验部分,经过静载试验和冲击试验采集座架工作应力数据并合成最终工作应力。通过对比有限元仿真分析结果和检测试验结果可知：RUL-Cl型卷钢座架强度不符合运输安全要求;有限元仿真能够准确地反映调车冲撞下座架的应力分布情况,仿真模型具有可靠性,模型的建立、载荷和约束的施加、接触类型的选择等方法为类似座架的强度仿真分析提供了思路。根据仿真和检测的结果,利用有限元软件改进RUL-Cl型卷钢座架的结构并再次进行仿真计算,计算结果表明,改进后的座架强度满足要求,能够生产样品座架及再次进行检测试验。论文最后通过检测试验验证改进后的座架强度合格,能够投入装运卷钢。
[Abstract]:Steel coil transportation is the key point in the safe production of railway cargo. Because of its special shape and high quality, it is difficult to strengthen after loading, and it is easy to displace and roll in the course of transportation. This will lead to the partial loading, heavy load and damage to the parts of the vehicle. Even because the goods fell and caused major traffic accidents. In recent years, it has become a trend to use coiled steel seat frame to transport coil steel, which can not only be easy to load and unload, but also can prevent the breakage of coil steel. Before being put into use, it is necessary to check whether the strength of the coiled steel seat meets the requirements of transportation safety, that is, to simulate the shunting condition through experiments, and to collect the working stress of the dangerous section and key points of the seat frame. Then the working stress is compared with the allowable stress of the material. If the working stress is less than the allowable stress, the strength of the seat frame is qualified, otherwise it is not qualified. In the previous tests, the dangerous section and the position of the key points of the seat frame were mainly determined by the experience of the examiners, and there was uncertainty in the arrangement of the test points. The finite element simulation analysis can well simulate the stress distribution of the seat frame under shunting and collision conditions, guide the layout of test points, and improve the rigor of the testing test. In addition, the finite element software is used to improve the weak part of the seat frame, and the sample production and strength assessment are carried out after the simulation and calculation, which can reduce the number of tests, reduce the cost of the test, and reduce the manpower, material resources and time input. In this paper, the strength finite element analysis and strength testing test are carried out by taking the RUL-Cl type coiled steel seat frame produced by China Railway United Logistics Co., Ltd as an example in the form of theoretical analysis and testing test. In the part of strength finite element analysis, the load and constraint of seat frame under shunting condition are analyzed by using the theory of rigid body mechanics, and the solid model of seat frame is established by using Solidworks software, and the finite element mesh is divided by Hypermesh software. With the help of Ansys software, the stress distribution of the seat frame under shunting is obtained by the combined modeling and simulation analysis. In the part of strength test, the working stress data are collected by static load test and impact test and the final working stress is synthesized. The results of finite element simulation and test show that the strength of RUL-Cl coiled steel seat frame does not meet the requirements of transportation safety; Finite element simulation can accurately reflect the stress distribution under shunting collision. The simulation model has reliability, model establishment, load and constraint application. The selection of contact type and other methods provide a train of thought for the strength simulation analysis of similar seat frame. According to the results of simulation and test, the structure of RUL-Cl type coiled steel seat frame is improved by finite element software, and the simulation calculation is carried out again. The calculation results show that the strength of the improved frame meets the requirements. Able to produce sample stand and test again. Finally, the strength of the improved seat frame is proved to be up to standard by testing and testing, and it can be used to ship coil steel.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U294.25
本文编号：2308245
[Abstract]:Steel coil transportation is the key point in the safe production of railway cargo. Because of its special shape and high quality, it is difficult to strengthen after loading, and it is easy to displace and roll in the course of transportation. This will lead to the partial loading, heavy load and damage to the parts of the vehicle. Even because the goods fell and caused major traffic accidents. In recent years, it has become a trend to use coiled steel seat frame to transport coil steel, which can not only be easy to load and unload, but also can prevent the breakage of coil steel. Before being put into use, it is necessary to check whether the strength of the coiled steel seat meets the requirements of transportation safety, that is, to simulate the shunting condition through experiments, and to collect the working stress of the dangerous section and key points of the seat frame. Then the working stress is compared with the allowable stress of the material. If the working stress is less than the allowable stress, the strength of the seat frame is qualified, otherwise it is not qualified. In the previous tests, the dangerous section and the position of the key points of the seat frame were mainly determined by the experience of the examiners, and there was uncertainty in the arrangement of the test points. The finite element simulation analysis can well simulate the stress distribution of the seat frame under shunting and collision conditions, guide the layout of test points, and improve the rigor of the testing test. In addition, the finite element software is used to improve the weak part of the seat frame, and the sample production and strength assessment are carried out after the simulation and calculation, which can reduce the number of tests, reduce the cost of the test, and reduce the manpower, material resources and time input. In this paper, the strength finite element analysis and strength testing test are carried out by taking the RUL-Cl type coiled steel seat frame produced by China Railway United Logistics Co., Ltd as an example in the form of theoretical analysis and testing test. In the part of strength finite element analysis, the load and constraint of seat frame under shunting condition are analyzed by using the theory of rigid body mechanics, and the solid model of seat frame is established by using Solidworks software, and the finite element mesh is divided by Hypermesh software. With the help of Ansys software, the stress distribution of the seat frame under shunting is obtained by the combined modeling and simulation analysis. In the part of strength test, the working stress data are collected by static load test and impact test and the final working stress is synthesized. The results of finite element simulation and test show that the strength of RUL-Cl coiled steel seat frame does not meet the requirements of transportation safety; Finite element simulation can accurately reflect the stress distribution under shunting collision. The simulation model has reliability, model establishment, load and constraint application. The selection of contact type and other methods provide a train of thought for the strength simulation analysis of similar seat frame. According to the results of simulation and test, the structure of RUL-Cl type coiled steel seat frame is improved by finite element software, and the simulation calculation is carried out again. The calculation results show that the strength of the improved frame meets the requirements. Able to produce sample stand and test again. Finally, the strength of the improved seat frame is proved to be up to standard by testing and testing, and it can be used to ship coil steel.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U294.25
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相关期刊论文 前3条
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2 石磊;;卷钢铁路运输安全对策分析[J];中国铁路;2011年01期
3 秦宇;蔡敢为;任延举;张磊;;车轮强度试验有限元仿真[J];装备制造技术;2008年05期
，本文编号：2308245
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