黑龙江省农作物生物质能能流分析与物流网络设计

发布时间：2018-11-26 16:36

【摘要】：生物质能是一种可再生的清洁能源,在能源储量减少、价格攀升、环境压力日益增大的今天,开发利用新能源已经成为全世界共同关注的问题。生物质能因为它的环境友好型和经济实用性,使其研究和应用引起各国政府和科学家的重视。因此,对植物生物质能进行合理的评价研究,形成可再生资源产业链,具有重要的理论和实践意义。本文运用能值分析进行生物质能的评价,运用重心法、层次分析法和线性规划模型得出全年原料运送方案,实现成本最小、耗时最短的经济目标。具体取得了如下成果:1.以建三江农垦管理局作为研究区域,对主要农作物(玉米、水稻和大豆)种植系统及秸秆生产系统进行能值分析,构建能值指标体系,为植物生物质能储量的定量分析提供理论基础;2.设计和优化生物质原料物流网络,首先计算分析生物质原料物流成本,其次基于重心法进行收储点的选址,并应用层次分析法优化备选收储点,得到生产工厂和收储点之间的位置模型;3.运用线性规划模型对原料物流网络进行分析计算,得出全年原料运送方案,并且对与车辆的配备和工作时间做安排规划,达到成本最小、耗时最短的经济目标。本文通过能值分析,将各种不同形态的能量和物质统一到同一指标体系进行评价,并且与生命周期法相结合,评价自然环境资源在植物生长及加工、应用、废弃等一系列生命形态转换过程中的贡献,使环境资源的投入与经济投入的对比成为可能,是评价体系的创新。基于ArcGIS对生物质物流网络进行最优路径优化,以达到企业成本最低的经济目标,是方法上的创新。
[Abstract]:Biomass energy is a kind of renewable clean energy. Nowadays, with the decrease of energy reserves, rising price and increasing environmental pressure, the development and utilization of new energy has become a common concern in the world. Because of its environmental friendliness and economic practicability, biomass energy has attracted the attention of governments and scientists all over the world. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the reasonable evaluation of plant biomass energy and to form an industrial chain of renewable resources. In this paper, energy analysis is used to evaluate biomass energy, and the method of center of gravity, analytic hierarchy process and linear programming model are used to obtain the annual raw material transportation scheme, which achieves the economic goal of minimum cost and shortest time consuming. The concrete achievements are as follows: 1. Taking Jianshanjiang Agricultural Reclamation Administration Bureau as the research area, the emergy analysis of the main crops (corn, rice and soybean) and straw production system was carried out, and the emergy index system was constructed. It provides a theoretical basis for quantitative analysis of biomass energy reserves in plants. 2. In order to design and optimize the logistics network of biomass raw materials, the logistics cost of biomass raw materials is first calculated and analyzed, then the location of storage points is selected based on the barycenter method, and the alternative storage points are optimized by AHP. Get the location model between the production plant and the storage point; 3. The linear programming model is used to analyze and calculate the raw material logistics network, and the plan of raw material transportation for the whole year is obtained, and the allocation and working time of the vehicle are arranged and planned to achieve the economic goal of minimum cost and shortest time consuming. In this paper, energy and matter of different forms are unified into the same index system through emergy analysis, and combined with the method of life cycle, the natural resources are evaluated in plant growth, processing and application. A series of contributions in the process of life form transformation, such as abandonment, make it possible to compare the input of environment and resources with the economic input, which is the innovation of the evaluation system. It is a method innovation to optimize the optimal path of biomass logistics network based on ArcGIS in order to achieve the economic goal of the lowest cost of the enterprise.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TK6

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