考虑低碳物流的改进SLP在设施布局优化中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-12-11 08:31

【摘要】：气候问题目前已成为国际社会普遍关注的重大全球性问题,对全球环境和生态产生了重大的影响。二氧化碳是造成极端气候灾难事故频发的元凶——温室气体的重要成分,其主要源自化石燃料的燃烧。就目前而言,我国化石能源的消费量在一次能源的消费总量中仍占据主导地位,占能源消费结构的90%以上。这导致我国二氧化碳排放呈现出总量大、增长快的趋势。在哥本哈根气候变化大会前夕,我国做出承诺：到2020年单位GDP的二氧化碳排放量相比2005年下降40%-45%,这也说明今后十年我国的经济发展都将是一个低碳发展模式。在企业的生产与经营过程中,物流活动总是发挥着重要的作用。无论是何种企业,其内部物流活动所消耗的化石能源与碳排放量都十分可观,因此,企业物流低碳化也成为了国民经济实现节能减排目标的重要组成部分。如何将低碳物流与企业的现实状况进行结合也成为研究者必须要思考的问题。设施布局规划,能够有效地提高企业的物流效率、设备利用率、安全生产和生产均衡性,同时也可以从系统规划阶段就开始推行节能减排理念,是企业物流低碳化的重要方法。本文将低碳物流与改进系统布置规划方法(SLP)相结合,建立了考虑低碳物流的改进SLP方法。鉴于制造业是我国碳排放的大户,我们选择一家机械制造企业——B企业的车间来对该方法进行了实例验证。在使用改进SLP方法得到车间的改进设施布局方案后,用Enterprise Dynamics软件进行了仿真模拟和评价,并将低碳物流作为重要的指标,来对改进方案进行了相关的验证,最终得到了既能提高车间物流效率,又能降低了物流过程中的碳排放量的优化方案。本文的创新之处有两点：一是将低碳物流与改进SLP方法进行了结合,二是使用Enterprise Dynamics软件对设施布局方案进行了仿真模拟。
[Abstract]:Climate problem has become a major global problem which has been paid attention to by the international community, and has had a great impact on the global environment and ecology. Carbon dioxide, an important component of greenhouse gases, is responsible for the frequent occurrence of extreme climate disasters, mainly from the burning of fossil fuels. At present, the consumption of fossil energy in China still occupies a dominant position in the total consumption of primary energy, accounting for more than 90% of the energy consumption structure. This causes our country carbon dioxide emission to present the big, the fast growth tendency. On the eve of the Copenhagen Climate change Conference, China made a commitment: by 2020, the carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP will be 40 to 45 lower than in 2005, which also indicates that China's economic development will be a low-carbon development model in the next ten years. Logistics activities always play an important role in the production and operation of enterprises. No matter what kind of enterprise, its internal logistics activities consume fossil energy and carbon emissions are very considerable, therefore, enterprise logistics low-carbon has become an important part of the national economy to achieve the goal of energy conservation and emission reduction. How to combine low-carbon logistics with the actual situation of enterprises has also become a problem that researchers must think about. Facility layout planning can effectively improve the logistics efficiency, equipment utilization ratio, safety production and production balance, but also from the system planning stage to implement the concept of energy saving and emission reduction, which is an important method of enterprise logistics low carbonization. In this paper, an improved (SLP) method considering low carbon logistics is established by combining low carbon logistics with improved system layout planning method (SLP). In view of the fact that the manufacturing industry is the major carbon emitter in our country, we choose the workshop of a mechanical manufacturing enterprise, B enterprise, to verify the method. After using the improved SLP method to get the improved facility layout scheme of the workshop, the simulation and evaluation are carried out with the Enterprise Dynamics software, and the low-carbon logistics is regarded as an important index to verify the improved scheme. Finally, the optimization scheme which can not only improve the efficiency of workshop logistics, but also reduce the carbon emissions in the process of logistics is obtained. There are two innovations in this paper: one is to combine low-carbon logistics with improved SLP method, the other is to use Enterprise Dynamics software to simulate the layout of facilities.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F252;F426.4

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