混合动力三轴物流车能量管理策略研究

发布时间：2019-02-12 09:41

【摘要】：汽车作为交通工具为人们的日常生活带来便利的同时,也带来了许多的问题,其中最为突出的两个问题是:一,作为汽车主要能源的石油资源在可预见的未来将达到枯竭状态;二,随着汽车数量的增加,大量尾气被排放到环境中,对环境造成了污染。作为人类赖以生存的载体,环境在汽车工业的快速发展中被严重地破坏。发展新能源汽车成为解决环境污染和能源供给双重问题的解决办法之一,其中混合动力汽车(HEV)近些年成为了汽车领域的研究热点。作为传统汽车向纯电动汽车过渡的重要车型,混合动力汽车有着众多的优点,虽然没有了零排放的概念,但是其燃油消耗和污染排放相较于传统内燃机汽车得到了大幅减小,在电池关键技术还未得到完全解决之前,混合动力汽车相对于纯电动汽车续驶里程更长,并且补充能源的时间更短。混合动力汽车关键性技术主要包含了以下三点:(1)驱动电机及其控制技术;(2)整车能量管理控制系统;(3)动力电池及其管理系统。其中能量管理策略通过控制车辆动力源的功率流,以整车动力需求为前提,合理分配发动机以及电机在车辆行驶的过程当中的转矩输出,改善燃油经济性,从而提高混合动力汽车的燃油经济性,延长动力源寿命,并且通过减少废气的排放来满足日趋严格的环保法规。针对三轴混合动力物流车的具体结构,本文在MATLAB/Simulink环境中搭建了其仿真模型,并根据插电式混合动力汽车的特点,设计了基于规则的能量管理策略,使得整车单位运载质量的燃油消耗下降8.5%,提高燃油经济性;设计了动态协调控制策略,降低了模式切换过程中产生的纵向冲击,提升了模式切换过程中整车的平顺性。最后通过实车试验对所设计的能量管理策略进行了验证,主要工作内容如下:1.三轴混合动力物流车模型搭建。首先对模型的搭建方法进行分析,根据分析结果采用后向仿真建模法对整车模型总体框架进行搭建;然后基于MATLAB/Simulink环境进行了整车仿真模型的搭建;最后以ECE循环工况作为仿真模型的输入进行了模型的验证。2.三轴混合动力物流车能量管理策略设计。首先以发动机和驱动电机的效率特性曲线为基础,结合插电式混动力汽车的结构特点和工作原理,进行了整车行驶模式的划分;然后结合三轴混合动力物流车的具体使用需求,进行了各个模式下能量管理策略具体控制流程的设计,并针对电机助力模式进行了模糊控制器的设计;最后在MATLAB/Simulink环境中搭建了能量管理策略仿真模型。3.模式切换动态协调控制策略设计。首先对无模式切换转矩协调控制的车辆驾驶性能进行分析,根据仿真结果,论证在模式切换过程中对转矩进行协调控制的必要性;然后分析造成纵向冲击的原因,设计了模式切换动态协调的总体解决方案,针对发动机转矩补偿设计了具体的控制流程,并设计了模糊控制器用于控制离合器的结合过程;最后基于整车模型和能量管理策略模型进行仿真,对模式切换动态协调控制策略的效果进行了验证。4.整车能量管理策略实车试验验证。首先根据本文所设计的能量管理策略中所涉及的信号数量及其类型进行了整车控制器的选型;然后针对该控制器进行了能量管理策略信号管脚的分配,通过Me Ca将模型通过CAN线烧写进整车控制器,并完成了线束的连接;最后对三轴混合动力物流车实车试验方案进行了设计,选择中国典型城市工况作为实车试验的输入工况,并对实车试验结果进行分析。本文的研究意义在于针对三轴混合动力物流车通过路面耦合二轴和三轴动力这一具体构型,设计了基于规则的混合动力能量管理策略,使得整车在不降低行驶动力性的前提下,减少单位载货质量燃油消耗,提高整车的燃油经济性。
[Abstract]:As a vehicle, the automobile brings convenience to the daily life of people, and also brings a lot of problems, and the two most prominent problems are as follows: 1, the petroleum resources which are the main energy sources of the automobile can reach the exhausted state in the foreseeable future; and secondly, as the number of the automobiles is increased, A large amount of the exhaust gas is discharged into the environment and the environment is polluted. As the carrier for human existence, the environment is seriously damaged in the rapid development of the automobile industry. The development of new energy vehicles is one of the solutions to the dual problems of environmental pollution and energy supply, and the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) has become a hot spot in the field of automobile in recent years. As an important vehicle for the transition of a traditional automobile to a pure electric automobile, the hybrid automobile has a plurality of advantages, Before the key technology of the battery has not been completely solved, the hybrid vehicle has a longer driving range with respect to the pure electric vehicle, and the time for supplementing the energy is shorter. The key technology of the hybrid vehicle mainly includes the following three points: (1) the driving motor and the control technology thereof; (2) the whole vehicle energy management control system; and (3) the power battery and the management system thereof. in which the energy management strategy can reasonably distribute the torque output of the engine and the motor during the running of the vehicle through the control of the power flow of the power source of the vehicle, the torque output of the engine and the motor during the running of the vehicle is reasonably distributed, the fuel economy of the hybrid vehicle is improved, and the service life of the power source is prolonged, and the increasingly stringent environmental protection regulations are met by reducing the emission of the waste gas. In view of the concrete structure of the three-axis hybrid vehicle, this paper sets up its simulation model in the environment of MATLAB/ Simulink, and designs a rule-based energy management strategy based on the characteristics of the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle, so that the fuel consumption of the vehicle unit is reduced by 8. 5%. the fuel economy is improved, a dynamic coordination control strategy is designed, the longitudinal impact generated in the mode switching process is reduced, and the smoothness of the whole vehicle during the mode switching is improved. Finally, the energy management strategy is verified by real-vehicle test. The main contents are as follows: 1. and the three-axis hybrid logistics vehicle model is set up. Firstly, the building method of the model is analyzed, and the whole frame of the whole vehicle model is set up according to the analysis result, and then the whole vehicle simulation model is constructed based on the MATLAB/ Simulink environment; Finally, the model's verification is carried out with the ECE cycle working condition as the input of the simulation model. Three-axis hybrid vehicle energy management strategy design. based on the efficiency characteristic curve of the engine and the driving motor, the whole vehicle running mode is divided by combining the structural characteristics and the working principle of the plug-in electric hybrid vehicle, and then the specific service requirements of the three-axis hybrid power logistics vehicle are combined, In this paper, the design of the specific control flow of the energy management strategy in various modes is carried out, and the design of the fuzzy controller is carried out for the power-assisted mode of the motor. Finally, the simulation model of the energy management strategy is set up in the MATLAB/ Simulink environment. Design of dynamic coordination control strategy for mode switching. First, the vehicle driving performance of the non-mode switching torque coordination control is analyzed, the necessity of the coordinated control of the torque in the mode switching process is demonstrated according to the simulation result, the cause of the longitudinal impact is analyzed, the overall solution of the mode switching dynamic coordination is designed, In this paper, a specific control flow is designed for the engine torque compensation, and a fuzzy controller is designed to control the coupling process of the clutch; and finally, the simulation is carried out based on the whole vehicle model and the energy management strategy model, and the effect of the mode switching dynamic coordination control strategy is verified. Vehicle energy management strategy real-vehicle test verification. Firstly, the type selection of the whole vehicle controller is carried out according to the signal quantity and the type involved in the energy management strategy designed in this paper; then, the controller carries out the distribution of the energy management strategy signal pin, and the model is written into the whole vehicle controller through the CAN line through the Me Ca, Finally, the test scheme of the three-axis hybrid logistics vehicle is designed, the typical urban condition of China is selected as the input condition of the real-vehicle test, and the results of the real-vehicle test are analyzed. The research significance of this paper is to design a rule-based hybrid energy management strategy for three-axis hybrid logistics vehicle through road surface coupling two-axis and three-axis power, so that the whole vehicle can reduce the fuel consumption of the unit cargo by the premise of not reducing the driving power, and the fuel economy of the whole vehicle is improved.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U469.7

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