工程施工中的学习效应及应用

发布时间：2018-01-03 06:12

本文关键词：工程施工中的学习效应及应用　出处：《西安建筑科技大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：建筑施工中的学习效应是指工人在不断重复相同或相似的手工劳作时,施工效率会有所提高的现象。学习效应已越来越得学者们的认同,但其在国内建筑施工领域的研究尚不深入,特别是忽视了我国建筑施工行业的特点,与我国工程项目实际不够贴近。作为应用广泛的图形类项目计划与调度方法,平衡线法LOB(Line-of-Balance)中并未考虑连续施工带来的工作效率改变,与实际不吻合。本文对学习效应与平衡线法(Line-of-Balance,LOB)进行了深入的研究,提出了考虑学习效应的LOB。本文主要工作如下:(1)全面列举分析了学习效应的影响因素,并结合学习效应的概念总结了存在学习效应的工序特征;通过对我国建筑施工市场的特点分析论述,提出利用管理水平因子修正学习曲线模型,并提出了项目管理水平评价方案。(2)利用对五个施工项目调研所得数据,计算了项目中钢筋绑扎、模板安装及混凝土浇筑三个工序的施工效率,通过实证分析,验证了工程施工中存在学习效应;进一步利用STATA分析软件对钢筋绑扎及模板安装两个工序的施工效率进行了回归分析,并计算出了所调研项目工序的学习曲线与学习率。(3)系统地总结了目前关于学习效应模型的研究成果,分析了平衡线调度方法的不足;利用本文提出的学习曲线模型分别计算工作单元的工期来改进LOB,提高LOB的准确度及与管理水平的联系度;最后通过一个案例对比分析改进前后的LOB方法,验证了学习效应对项目进度控制的重要性及作用。(4)结合项目实地调研与现阶段国内建筑市场实情,认为阻碍学习效应的主要问题主要是资金链易断裂、工人流动频繁及缺乏进度管控,并提出相应措施保证施工中的学习效应,从而提高施工效率。本文的研究结果有助于项目管理者更好地理解工程施工中学习效应的特点及其对项目进度控制的影响,文中提出的利用管理水平修正的学习曲线模型可供管理者在实际中利用学习效应以优化项目管理。
[Abstract]:The learning effect in the construction of the building in which workers are repeated in the same or similar manual labor, construction efficiency will be improved. The phenomenon of learning effect has been increasingly recognized by scholars, but in the domestic construction field construction has not been studied in detail, especially the neglect of the characteristics of China's Construction industry. Close enough with our project practice. As the widely used graphics project planning and scheduling method, balance line method LOB (Line-of-Balance) did not consider change the working efficiency of continuous construction, is not consistent with the actual. The learning effect and balance method of lines (Line-of-Balance, LOB) conducted in-depth research, put forward the LOB. is considered the main work of this paper is as follows: the learning effect (1) comprehensive list analyzes the factors that influence the learning effect, and combined with the concept of learning effect are summarized and the learning effect of process. The characteristics of the syndrome; China's construction market analysis, put forward the management factor correction learning curve model, and put forward the evaluation of project management level. (2) using data of five construction project survey, rebar project calculation, the efficiency of construction formwork installation and concrete pouring process three and through the empirical analysis to verify the existence of learning effect in engineering construction; the construction efficiency is further installed two processes on the rebar and the template using the STATA analysis software by regression analysis and calculation of the learning curve and the learning process of the research project. (3) systematically summarizes the current research results on learning the effect of model, analysis of the shortcomings of the equilibrium line scheduling method; unit of work were calculated using the learning curve model is proposed to improve the duration of LOB, and improve the accuracy of LOB And the level of management relation; finally through improved LOB method and a comparative analysis of the case, to verify the learning effect of the function and importance of project control. (4) according to the project investigation and at this stage of the domestic construction market situation, main problem that hinder the learning effect is the main capital chain is easy to break, the flow of workers frequent and lack of progress control, and put forward the corresponding measures to ensure that the learning effect in the construction, so as to improve the construction efficiency. The results of this study help characterize project managers to better understand the learning effect in engineering construction and its influence on the project schedule control, management level using learning curve model proposed in this paper can be used for correction managers use the learning effect to optimize project management in practice.

【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TU74

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