建筑防火性能化设计项目管理模式研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 16:59

本文关键词： 性能化设计验收使用管理管理模式　出处：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济的发展和人们对建筑审美及使用功能的需求,越来越多的超高层建筑、大型商场以及富有艺术造型等复杂类型的建筑大量涌现,火灾形势越来越严峻,群死群伤及重、特大恶性火灾事故时有发生,而现行消防技术规范远不能满足上述类型建筑设计需求。为确保此类建筑消防安全,建筑防火性能化设计应运而生。建筑防火性能化设计是运用消防安全工程学的原理和方法首先制定整个防火系统应该达到的性能目标,并针对各类建筑物的实际状态,应用所有可能的方法对建筑的火灾危险和将导致的后果进行定性、定量地预测与评估,从而得到最佳的建筑防火设计方案,为建筑物提供合理的火灾防护。近年来,我国部分建筑已采用了性能化防火设计方法,积累了一定的经验。但由于建筑防火性能化设计尚无法律法规及标准依据,未形成完整的理论体系,加之设计人员技术水平参差不齐,又不能将国外的性能化设计模式进行照搬,且消防部门对项目进行防火设计审核时没有统一的标准,一部分项目在性能化论证后未按设计施工,或存在消防安全后期管理问题,种种原因导致性能化设计及论证流于形式,项目均存在程序及步骤操作性不强的问题,大大降低了建筑的消防安全性能。针对以上存在的问题,笔者根据多年从事建设工程消防验收及消防安全监督管理工作的实践经验,对建筑防火性能化设计项目管理模式进行研究。该课题通过收集陕西省近几年通过建筑防火性能化论证的项目相关情况及数据,对项目验收及使用管理等运行情况进行调研,对项目设计、验收、使用管理等各环节存在的问题进行分析研究,确定各个环节的操作实施模式,提出合理化建议,最终形成一套完整的建筑防火性能化设计项目管理模式,使其合理有效地发挥建筑防火性能化设计效能,以供设计、施工、使用及监督部门参考使用。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and people's demand for architectural aesthetic and use functions, more and more super-high-rise buildings, large-scale shopping malls, rich in artistic modeling and other complex types of buildings emerge in large numbers, the fire situation is becoming more and more serious. In order to ensure the fire safety of this kind of building, the current fire protection technical code can not meet the needs of the above types of building design. Building fire performance design came into being. Building fire performance design is to use the principles and methods of fire safety engineering to formulate the performance objectives of the whole fire prevention system. According to the actual state of all kinds of buildings, all possible methods are used to qualitatively, quantitatively predict and evaluate the fire hazard and the consequences of the building, so as to obtain the best design scheme of building fire prevention. In recent years, some buildings in China have adopted performance-based fire prevention design method. It has accumulated some experience, but because there are no laws, regulations and standards for building fire resistance performance design, a complete theoretical system has not been formed, and the technical level of designers is not uniform. The performance design model of foreign countries can not be copied, and the fire control department has no unified standard when the fire prevention design audit, some projects in the performance-based demonstration did not according to the design construction. Or there are fire safety management problems in the later period, various reasons lead to performance-based design and argumentation become a mere formality, and there is a problem that the procedures and procedures are not strong enough to operate the project. Greatly reduces the building fire safety performance. In view of the above existing problems, the author based on many years of construction engineering fire inspection and fire safety supervision and management of practical experience. The project management model of building fire resistance performance design is studied. The project related situation and data of building fire resistance performance demonstration in Shaanxi province in recent years are collected. Carry on the investigation to the project acceptance and the use management and so on the running situation, carries on the analysis research to the project design, the acceptance, the use management and so on each link existence question, determines each link the operation implementation pattern. Finally, a set of integrated project management mode of building fire resistance performance design is formed, so that it can play a reasonable and effective role in building fire resistance performance design efficiency for design and construction. Use and supervise department reference.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU201

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