契约式项目组织方式

发布时间：2018-03-05 01:27

本文选题：项目管理　切入点：组织　出处：《北京大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2001年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：至今为止 ,在组织结构中占主要地位的仍然是层级结构 (金字塔结构 )。这种结构存在着如下缺点 :(1)部门之间是竞争和不信任关系 ;(2 )人们在工作中思维是片段性的 ;(3)容易产生信息孤岛等。矩阵式组织结构能够在某种程度上弥补这些缺点。然而 ,矩阵式结构中存在的一个人有两个或多个上司的问题使这种结构的应用受到限制。在分析金字塔式和矩阵式组织结构弊端的基础上 ,本文指出 ,尽管目前已有多种组织结构形式 ,但几乎没有跳出以“方框”限定专业领域、以“线段”代表权力关系的思维模式 ,而这正是金字塔组织结构、矩阵式组织结构的根本弊病所在。要消除这种弊病 ,使组织方式适合知识经济时代的特征 ,需要改变这种“方框”和“线段”的含义。本文提出了以契约代替权力 ,以团队完成工作、部门作为资源的提供者存在的方式来代替工作由部门分段完成的方式 ,从而消除了金字塔组织结构、矩阵式结构的一些本质弊端。以项目管理为重点 ,本文分析了在组织中用以代替权力关系的五种基本契约关系 ,即 :(1)总经理与项目经理的“业主———任务完成者”关系 ;(2 )项目经理与部门经理的“使用者———供应者”关系 ;(3)总经理与部门经理的“业主———资源育成者”的关系 ;(4)项目经理与项目组成员的“雇主———雇员
[Abstract]:So far, the dominant structure is still the hierarchical structure (Pyramid). This structure has the following disadvantages: (1) the Department is not between competition and trust relationship; (2) people thinking at work is a fragment of nature; (3) to produce information island. Matrix organization the structure can make up for these shortcomings to some extent. However, there is a person in a matrix structure with two or more problems in the application of the boss structure is restricted. Based on the analysis of pyramid and matrix structure on the defects, this paper points out that although there are various forms of organizational structure, but almost not to jump out of "square" limited field, with "line" on behalf of the thinking mode of power relations, and this is Pyramid organizational structure, fundamental shortcomings of matrix structure to eliminate the disadvantages. The organization for disease, characteristics of the era of knowledge economy, need to change the "block" and "line" meaning. This paper proposes to replace the power to contract, to work in teams, departments as the provider of resources exist to replace the work completed by the department section, thus eliminating the Pyramid organization structure. Some essential drawbacks of the matrix structure. The emphasis of project management, this paper analyzes the five basic contractual relationship, to replace the power relations in the organization: (1) general manager and project manager "owners -- mission"; (2) the project manager and department manager "users - supplier relationship; (3) the relationship between the general manager and manager of owner - bred resources"; (4) the project manager and the project team members' employer - employee

【作者单位】：山东大学山东大学
【分类号】：C93-03

【共引文献】