分包支付下折现流“时间—费用”模型研究与蚁群优化

发布时间：2018-03-06 07:08

本文选题：分包付款　切入点：资金时间价值　出处：《南昌航空大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：工程建设项目的实施是一个庞大且复杂的系统工程,涉及到诸多方面因素的影响,工程项目能够高效、顺利、成功地完成,需要合理地进行项目调度,使得时间、费用、资源之间相互协调,以实现施工单位的最大利益,为社会创造更大的价值。针对该问题,本文在总结与分析国内外关于工程项目管理理论与方法的研究现状与发展的基础上,对资源受限的“时间-费用”优化问题进行如下研究:以净现值为优化目标的多模式资源约束型折现流时间-费用权衡项目进度(MRCTCTPDF)模型,是在综合考虑项目执行过程中各项活动的现金流,将每项活动的资金流入与流出折算到初始时间下的资金净利润,该模型对实际项目的管理具有较好的指导价值。但在工程实践中,总承包方往往将非主体的部分专业进行分包,分包付款模式产生的时间费用尚未得到研究人员的关注,且原始模型对总承包活动中可变费用的支付方式的选择不够合理,不符合项目现场的实际需求,考虑上述因素,本文建立IMRCTCTPDF模型,并利用对比分析法对求解的结果进行比较,确定最佳项目优化方案。蚁群算法在求解组合优化问题时,其特有的种群启发式仿生进化正反馈并行计算机制特性,为本文提供求解IMRCTCTPDF模型的思路。基于蚁群算法,结合带时间窗的利润收集旅行商问题求解方法,研究了带时间窗的利润收集旅行商问题与本文IMRCTCTPDF问题的异同,据此讨论了基于改进后的蚁群算法求解文中模型的理论依据,从而确定本文改进后蚁群算法的实现步骤、状态转移概率公式和信息素更新公式,并设计蚁群算法程序,为下文实例模型求解做好准备。综合文中所求结果进行比较,分析不同资源约束条件下,引入分包付款时项目的净现值与不考虑分包付款时的项目净现值的差异,并得出考虑分包付款时的项目净现值有所提高的结论,即在实际项目调度中对分包付款资金时间价值的考虑是具有参考价值的,故本文提出的IMRCTCTPDF改进模型是具有工程适用性的。综上所述,本文的优化方法为工程实际中项目管理优化提供了一个范例,研究成果丰富了项目管理理论并对项目管理实践活动具有重要应用价值。
[Abstract]:The implementation of engineering construction project is a huge and complex system engineering, which involves the influence of many factors. The project can be completed efficiently, smoothly and successfully, so it is necessary to schedule the project reasonably to make the time and cost. The resources coordinate with each other in order to realize the greatest benefit of the construction unit and create more value for the society. In view of this problem, this paper summarizes and analyzes the present situation and development of the theory and method of engineering project management at home and abroad. This paper studies the "time-cost" optimization problem with limited resources as follows: Multi-mode resource-constrained discounted flow time-cost tradeoff project progress model with net present value as the optimization objective, MRCTCTPDF model. It is the net profit from the capital inflow and outflow of each activity which is converted to the initial time after considering the cash flow of each activity during the implementation of the project. The model has good guiding value for the management of practical projects. However, in engineering practice, the general contractor often subcontracts some of the non-subject specialties, and the time cost of the sub-payment model has not been paid attention by the researchers. And the original model is not reasonable to choose the payment method of variable cost in general contracting activities, which does not accord with the actual demand of the project site. Considering the above factors, this paper establishes IMRCTCTPDF model, and compares the results of the solution with comparative analysis method. When ant colony algorithm is used to solve combinatorial optimization problem, it has the characteristic of parallel computing mechanism of population heuristic bionic evolution positive feedback, which provides the train of thought for solving IMRCTCTPDF model in this paper. Combined with the method of solving the profit collection traveling salesman problem with time window, the similarities and differences between the profit collection traveling salesman problem with time window and the IMRCTCTPDF problem in this paper are studied, and the theoretical basis of solving the model based on the improved ant colony algorithm is discussed. The implementation steps, state transition probability formula and pheromone update formula of the improved ant colony algorithm are determined, and the program of ant colony algorithm is designed to prepare for the solution of the following example model. This paper analyzes the difference between the NPV of the project when the subpayment is introduced and the NPV of the project when the subpayment is not considered under different resource constraints, and draws the conclusion that the NPV of the project when the subpayment is taken into account is improved. That is, the consideration of the time value of subcontract payment funds in the actual project scheduling is of reference value, so the improved IMRCTCTPDF model proposed in this paper has engineering applicability. The optimization method in this paper provides an example for project management optimization in engineering practice. The research results enrich the project management theory and have important application value to project management practice.
【学位授予单位】：南昌航空大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU723

【参考文献】