沈阳工程学院教师公寓楼建设项目施工成本控制研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 02:32

本文选题：项目　切入点：施工成本　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：1978年后,我国经济水平显著提高,各行业发展速度猛增,其中也包括建筑行业,该行业的发展速度一直领先其他行业,建筑项目数量的增加,促进了当地经济的高速发展,但当地的资源也逐渐减少,政府部门、建筑公司等越来越重视成本问题,如今,建筑市场竞争越发激烈及受全球经济危机的影响,公司不得不在成本管控方面投入时间和精力,制定有效方法来管控成本,特别是在项目进行过程中,成本管控工作显得格外重要,首先,它不但能够提高公司的收益,而且还能够提升公司成本管控的能力,采取恰当措施来弥补施工中资源的使用,不但能够确保公司再生产能力,而且还能够促进公司可持续发展,减少费用开支,增多公司收益,确保公司在市场中的优势地位。本文的研究对象是沈阳工程学院教师公寓楼建设项目,研究内容是成本管控,就如今公司在成本管控方面出现的不足,提出一些实践性强的改善办法,以便为后续阶段项目成本管控给予指导,为公司创建管控系统打下基础,本文首先简单描述了如今我国建筑业发展情况及成本管控能力,和在目前环境下对成本管控进行探讨的实际作用,随后,对成本管控的含义进行简单描述,总结了国外和国内的研究情况,提出了该论文借鉴的研究方法;接着,详细阐明了目前该项目成本管控面临的诸多问题,并对问题出现的原因做了详细分析;最后,在上述研究基础上,本文给出了成本管控有效地改善办法,类似的工程项目可以借用这些方法来处理成本管控方面的问题,以便更好地开展下一步工作。本文主要包含五部分内容,第一部分总论,主要是对选题背景、选题意义、国内项目工程成本控制研究现状、国外项目工程成本控制研究现状以及研究方法进行细致的分析和论述;第二部分工程项目成本控制概述,主要包括项目施工成本控制的方法以及项目施工成本的构成。并从工程事先能动性、综合优化性、动态跟踪性以及内容适应性四个方面介绍了工程项目成本控制特点,在这一部分还对教师公寓楼成本管控与普通工程项目成本管控的不同点进行分析,接着对工期对建筑工程项目施工成本的影响、不可预测因素对建筑工程项目施工成本的影响以及资源配置与平面布置对项目施工成本的影响进行阐述。第三部分沈阳工程学院教师公寓建设项目成本计划及成本控制要素,主要包括沈阳工程学院教师公寓楼项目概况、项目成本计划情况,并从人工成本控制、材料成本控制、机械成本控制、分包工程成本控制和加强签证、修改项目管理等方面之处项目成本控制概况。第四部分沈阳工程学院教师公寓楼建设项目成本管理存在的问题及原因分析,得出成本管理目前存在的几点大问题是:成本管控意识不够,核算走形式现象普遍、不具备可操作的成本管控标准、不具备人人参与的成本管理观念,及相应的奖励机制、不具备完整、明确的成本责任制以及合同管理不当:部门合同管理不完善,合同执行力不高等等。教师公寓楼成本管理存在问题的原因主要包括成本管控意识不强,控制成本缺乏长期性和战略性、成本制度的创建未引起足够的重视、未具备科学的成本管控方法等等。第五部分沈阳工程学院教师公寓楼建设项目施工成本控制策略,主要包括培养成本控制意识、提高员工素质、创建科学的项目成本管控系统、规范成本管控工作、健全规章制度、确定成本管控的关键点以及进行成本的动态、同步管控。通过系统的分析,使得沈阳工程学院教师公寓楼项目的成本管理处于受控状态。
[Abstract]:After 1978, China's economic level increased significantly, the industry growth rate soared, including the construction industry, the development speed of the industry has been ahead of other industries, increase the number of construction projects, and promote the rapid development of the local economy, but the local resources gradually reduced, government departments pay more and more attention to the cost of construction company now, the construction market competition is more intense and affected by the global economic crisis, companies have to invest time and effort in terms of cost control, to develop effective methods to control the cost, especially in the process of project cost control work is particularly important, first of all, it can not only improve the company's profit ability, but also to enhance the company's cost control, to take appropriate measures to make up for the use of construction resources, can not only ensure the company production capacity, but also to promote the company Sustainable development, reduce expenses, increase the revenue of the company, ensure the company dominant position in the market. The research object of this paper is the Shenyang Institute of Engineering teachers apartment building project, the research content is the lack of cost control, now the company in terms of cost control, and puts forward some practical measures to improve, to give guidance for the follow-up stage the project cost control and management system for the company to create the foundation of this paper describes the development of China's construction industry and cost control ability, and in the actual effect, the current environment of cost control are discussed followed by a simple description of the meaning of cost control, summarizes the foreign and domestic research situation. The research methods in the thesis; then, elaborates the current problems in the project cost control is facing, and the problems of the original For a detailed analysis; finally, on the basis of the research above, this paper gives the cost control effectively to improve the way, similar projects can use these methods to deal with cost control problems, in order to better carry out the next step. This paper mainly consists of five parts, the first part, mainly is the significance of the topic on the background, research status of the project cost control at home and abroad, the project cost control research status and research methods are analyzed and discussed in detail; the second part takes the cost control of engineering project, including the project construction cost control and construction cost of the project. And the project advance initiative, comprehensive optimization the characteristics of the project cost control, the dynamic tracking and content adaptation of four aspects in this part of the teachers apartment building cost control Different with the general engineering project cost control are analyzed, then the influence of time on the construction of the project construction cost, can not affect the predictive factors for the construction project construction cost and resource allocation and layout to elaborate on the impact of the project construction cost. Elements of cost plan and cost control third part of Shenyang Institute of Engineering teachers apartment construction project it mainly includes the general situation, Shenyang Institute of Engineering teachers apartment building project, project cost plan, and from the labor cost control, material cost control, machinery cost control, subcontract cost control and strengthen the visa, modify the project management and other aspects of the project cost control situation. The fourth part is about existing problems of Shenyang Institute of Engineering teachers' apartment building construction project cost management and get some problems existing in cost management is cost control Awareness is not enough, accounting formality phenomenon, does not have the operational cost control standard, do not have everyone involved in the concept of cost management, and the corresponding incentive mechanism, does not have the complete, clear the cost responsibility system and contract management: improper Department contract management is not perfect, the contract execution is not higher. Reasons of teachers' apartment building the cost management of the existing problems mainly include the cost control consciousness is not strong, the lack of long-term and strategic cost control, create cost system did not cause enough attention, do not have the scientific method of cost control of construction cost control strategy etc. the fifth part of Shenyang Institute of Engineering teachers apartment building construction project, including cost control awareness, improve the quality of the staff. The project cost control system to create a scientific, standardized cost control work, improve rules and regulations, determine the cost control key points and The cost dynamics and synchronization control. Through the system analysis, the cost management of the Shenyang Institute of Engineering apartment building project is in a controlled state.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU723.3

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