华能营口电厂脱硝改扩建项目计划与控制研究

发布时间：2018-08-01 15:52

【摘要】：当前中国是全球产煤量与耗煤量最大的国家。在我国整个能源结构中，煤炭约占76.2％，而二氧化硫与氮氧化物等有害物质有九成是由于煤炭燃烧造成的。氮氧化物包括一氧化氮以及二氧化氮，虽然一氧化氮是属于无毒无害物质，，但是一旦经过反应生成二氧化氮之后，会严重污染大气环境，还会对人类健康造成巨大的影响。因此，国家政府与各个火电厂目前都十分注重控制火电厂硫化物以及氮氧化物等的排放问题。按照最新国家标准《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》的要求，2004年1月1日之后的现役或新建机组NOX排放浓度不应大于100mg/Nm3。国家和一些地方政府对火电领域氮氧化物的排放量的规定越来越严格，并通过一系列处理办法对污染进行治理，从而提高环境质量。因此各个采用燃煤方式发电的火电厂亟需装配脱硝系统。 1992年，华能营口电厂建立了一期两台320兆瓦火电机组并开始投入运行，2008年，建立了二期两台600兆瓦火电机组并开始投入运行，但是四台发电机组都没有加装脱硝系统。脱硝改扩建项目属于改建与扩建类项目，必定存在一些困难，例如地址选择、项目设计以及施工等问题。进行改造时必然会对机组正常运行造成影响，甚至可能会影响发电量。本文在项目管理相关理论的基础上，考虑到火电厂实施脱硝改扩建项目的实际情况，对科学、有效的缩短工期方式进行讨论。由于脱硝改造项目需要大量的投入资金，工程任务艰巨，工期时间长，因此，实施该类项目对电厂而言是一笔不小的投资。目前大部分电厂致力于研究怎样有效地控制项目进程，寻找到既能保证工程质量与安全性，又能节约成本并且缩短工期的有效途径。该研究成果的应用范围不局限于脱硝改扩建项目，还能在其它改建类项目中加以推广应用。本文重点针对华能营口电厂实施脱硝改扩建项目工程的具体进度计划以及控制进行研究，把项目作为操作主体，主要研究项目工程实施过程中存在的进程控制、工期控制、质量控制以及成本控制问题，利用目前项目管理相关理论，针对项目管理中能够控制的因素进行研究，通过项目工程进度计划以及控制等手段来缩短工期，最后明确项目开展过程中需要注意的地方，并以当前著名的项目管理理论为依据，提出一些建议。本论文主要涉及以下4个方面：其一，介绍本文课题的研究背景与意义，并对本文的研究方法与内容进行了简单的介绍；其二，重点对华能营口电厂脱硝改扩建项目计划与控制存在的问题及其成因进行分析；其三，对华能营口电厂脱硝改扩建项目计划与控制进行优化、完善；其四，详细分析了华能营口电厂脱硝改扩建项目改进方案实施的保障措施。
[Abstract]:At present, China is the world's largest coal production and consumption of coal. Coal accounts for 76.2% of the total energy structure in China, and 90% of the harmful substances such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are caused by coal combustion. Nitrogen oxides include nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide. Although nitric oxide is a nontoxic and harmless substance, it will seriously pollute the atmospheric environment and have a great impact on human health once nitrogen dioxide is produced. Therefore, the national government and various thermal power plants are paying great attention to the emission of sulphide and nitrogen oxides. According to the requirements of the latest national standard, the NOX emission concentration of active or newly built units after January 1, 2004 should not be greater than 100 mg / N m 3. The state and some local governments have more and more strict regulations on nitrogen oxide emissions in thermal power field, and through a series of treatment measures to control pollution, thereby improving the quality of the environment. As a result, coal-fired thermal power plants urgently need to assemble denitrification systems. In 1992, Huaneng Yingkou Power Plant set up two 320 MW thermal power units for one phase and began operation in 2008. Two 600 MW units were set up and put into operation, but none of the four units was equipped with denitrification systems. Denitrification project is a kind of reconstruction and extension project, there must be some difficulties, such as address selection, project design and construction and so on. Transformation will inevitably affect the normal operation of the unit, or even affect power generation. Based on the theory of project management and considering the actual situation of denitrification extension project in thermal power plant, this paper discusses the scientific and effective way to shorten the construction period. Because the project of denitrification needs a lot of investment, the project task is arduous and the construction period is long. Therefore, the implementation of this kind of project is a large investment for the power plant. At present, most power plants are devoted to study how to control the project process effectively, and find an effective way to ensure the quality and safety of the project, save the cost and shorten the duration of the project. The application scope of the research results is not limited to denitrification reconstruction and extension projects, but also can be popularized and applied in other reconstruction projects. This paper focuses on the specific progress plan and control of implementing denitrification extension project in Huaneng Yingkou Power Plant, taking the project as the main operating body, mainly studying the process control and duration control during the implementation of the project. Quality control and cost control, using the current theory of project management, to study the factors that can be controlled in the project management, through the project schedule and control measures to shorten the duration, Finally, some suggestions are put forward on the basis of the famous project management theory. This paper mainly involves the following four aspects: first, introduces the research background and significance of this paper, and briefly introduces the research methods and contents of this paper; second, Focus on the Huaneng Yingkou power plant denitrification expansion project planning and control problems and their causes of analysis; third, the Huaneng Yingkou power plant denitrification expansion project plan and control optimization, improve; fourth, This paper analyzes in detail the guarantee measures for the improvement scheme of denitrification extension project in Huaneng Yingkou Power Plant.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X773;F426.61

【共引文献】