轨道交通机电安装工程的设计变更研究

发布时间：2018-08-27 11:32

【摘要】：我国城市轨道交通工程建设正在大规模地开展,为了能给乘客提供舒适的乘车环境,轨道交通工程建设越来越强调人性化设计。通风空调、给排水、低压配电三个专业工程与乘客的乘车舒适度密切相关,越来越受到建设单位的重视。轨道交通项目机电安装(风、水、电)工程的专业接口较多、施工情况复杂,经常导致大量的设计变更,由此大幅度增加了业主的投资,严重影响了项目管理目标的实现。国内外关于轨道交通项目和机电安装工程变更管理的相关研究较多,但是,基于实际案例、对轨道交通机电安装工程变更问题进行定量分析的研究还很少。本文以苏州市轨道交通1、2号线为研究对象,主要采用案例分析和问卷调查的方法进行研究。首先,阅读国内外的相关文献,综述轨道交通机电安装工程设计变更现有的研究成果,并阐述轨道交通机电安装工程的概念。其次,统计分析苏州市轨道交通1号线机电安装工程设计变更,揭示苏州市轨道交通1号线设计变更的管理问题。通过问卷调查的方式,对机电安装的设计人员进行调查,验证苏州市轨道交通1号线的设计变更统计分析结论。再次,结合调查和统计的结果,分析苏州市轨道交通1、2号线设计变更的管理经验和措施。最后,对比分析苏州市轨道交通1、2号线的设计变更次数和金额,验证设计变更管理措施的有效性。研究结果表明,在轨道交通机电安装工程中,低压配电工程是最容易发生设计变更的专业(53.1%)。设计质量问题是发生设计变更最主要的原因。接口资料的准确性是影响设计质量最主要的因素(43.3%)。为了控制设计变更,苏州市轨道交通业主方采取了明确设计的专业接口、制定合理的设计周期、加强图纸审查和技术交底等控制措施。实践证明,相对于苏州市轨道交通1、2号线由于设计质量问题引起的设计变更得到了有效的控制。其中,苏州市轨道交通2号线机电工程设计变更的次数与苏州市轨道交通1号线相比下降了65.3%,而苏州市轨道交通2号线设计变更总额仅为苏州市轨道交通1号线的43.2%。本文的研究成果具有一定的局限性。在研究过程中,作者仅收集了30多份调查问卷,不能反映参与苏州市轨道交通机电安装工程设计人员的总体意见;此外,哪些管理措施最有效地控制了苏州轨道交通2号线的设计变更,没有进行定量地分析。这些将在以后的研究中进一步加强。
[Abstract]:The construction of urban rail transit in China is being carried out on a large scale. In order to provide passengers with a comfortable ride environment, the construction of rail transit engineering is emphasizing more and more humanized design. Ventilation and air conditioning, water supply and drainage, low voltage distribution are closely related to passenger comfort, and are paid more and more attention by construction units. The mechatronic installation (wind, water, electricity) project of rail transit project has many professional interfaces and complex construction conditions, which often leads to a large number of design changes, which greatly increases the investment of the owner and seriously affects the realization of project management objectives. There are many researches on the change management of rail transit project and mechatronic installation project at home and abroad. However, based on the actual cases, the quantitative analysis of the change problem of the mechatronic installation project of rail transit is rare. In this paper, Suzhou Rail Transit Line 1, 2 as the research object, mainly using the method of case analysis and questionnaire survey. First of all, this paper reviews the related literature at home and abroad, summarizes the existing research results of the design change of the mechatronic installation engineering of rail transit, and expounds the concept of the mechatronics installation engineering of the rail transit. Secondly, the design changes of mechanical and electrical installation of Suzhou Rail Transit Line 1 are analyzed statistically, and the management problems of the design changes of Suzhou Rail Transit Line 1 are revealed. By means of questionnaire survey, the authors investigated the designers of mechanical and electrical installation, and verified the statistical analysis conclusions of the design changes of Suzhou Rail Transit Line 1. Thirdly, combined with the results of investigation and statistics, this paper analyzes the management experience and measures of the design change of Suzhou Rail Transit Line 1 and 2. Finally, the design change times and the amount of money of Suzhou Rail Transit Line 1 and 2 are compared and analyzed to verify the effectiveness of the design change management measures. The results show that the low-voltage distribution engineering is the most prone to design change (53.1%) in the mechatronics installation project of rail transit. Design quality problem is the main reason for design change. The accuracy of interface data is the most important factor affecting the design quality (43.3%). In order to control the design change, the owner of Suzhou rail transit has adopted the professional interface that is clearly designed, established a reasonable design cycle, and strengthened the control measures such as drawing examination and technical understatement. It is proved by practice that the design change caused by the design quality problem of Line 2 has been effectively controlled in comparison with Suzhou Rail Transit No. 1. Among them, the number of mechatronic engineering design changes of Suzhou rail transit line 2 has decreased by 65.3and 65.3than that of Suzhou rail transit line 1, while the total design change of Suzhou rail transit line 2 is only 43.2 percent of Suzhou rail transit line 1. The research results of this paper have some limitations. In the course of the research, the author only collected more than 30 questionnaires, which can not reflect the overall opinions of the designers involved in the mechanical and electrical installation engineering of Suzhou rail transit. Which management measures most effectively control the design changes of Suzhou Rail Transit Line 2 without quantitative analysis. These will be further strengthened in future studies.
【学位授予单位】：苏州科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U231.3

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