高校科研经费使用与管理研究
发布时间：2018-11-02 12:05
【摘要】：近年来,随着党中央、国务院增强自主创新能力、建设创新型国家的重大战略决策的顺利实施,国家在高校科技研发上的支出不断增加。在各级政府的指导下,高校承担的科研项目数量和研究项目的级别都有较大提升,科研支持经费保持持续增加势头。2012年,《科学》杂志就发表了一篇题为《中国科学又一个丰收年》的专题文章,指出：2012年中国中央政府对科学技术的投入达2285.4亿元人民币,比去年增长12.4%。其中,对基础研究的投入为324.5亿元,同比增长26%对985和211工程的投入增长24%。随着高校科研经费的大量增加,社会各界对高校科研经费的关注度也不断持续增长。如何科学管理高校科学研究经费,最大化发挥研究经费的效益,成为各界普遍关心的问题。在这种情况下,结合当前高校研究经费管理现状,分析高校科研经费管理存在的问题,探索高校科研经费管理和使用的有效策略,具有一定的理论意义和现实价值。为推动高校科研经费管理规范化、经费使用科学化,我国各级政府以及高校都出台了相应的科研经费管理办法,不断加大科研经费监督检查力度和密度,完善内部监管机制,也取得了一定的管理成果。但由于长期体制、思想观念等的影响,高校科研经费管理依然存在不少问题。本研究通过对C市10所高校教师及相关管理人员的调研,以及结合已有的研究成果对当前高校科研经费使用管理问题进行了比较深入的研究。本研究主要分为六部分,第一部分主要是对本研究的参考文献、研究思路等进行阐述；第二部分主要分析高校科研经费使用与管理涉及的相关概念、理论基础等：第三部分选取C市的10所高校为样本,对样本学校实施的科研经费使用管理进行调查,并就使用管理的执行情况进行个人访谈,将高校对实施科研经费使用管理的满意程度量化,分析高校科研经费使用管理中存在的问题。第四部分是全面分析高校科研经费使用与管理中存在问题的根本原因。第五部分,借鉴美国等国外高校科学研究经费管理模式,分析其特点,为提出我国高校科研经费管理策略奠定基础。第六部分是通过以上原因分析,提出完善科研经费使用管理及执行效力的建议和对策。经过系统调研和梳理,本研究得出以下结论：当前我国高校科研经费使用与管理存在科研项目立项透明度不够、科研经费预算编制规定不合理、科研经费使用过程管理制度不健全、科研经费报销难、科研经费使用绩效评价体系不健全、科研经费设立人力资本价值体现不足等问题。究其原因,主要是由于科研项目管理制度自身存在缺陷,科研经费使用管理制度不健全,预算管理灵活性有限,劳务费等人力费用支出范围狭小,结余经费管理模式僵硬及经费管理协调机制不健全等原因所致。通过借鉴发达国家科研经费管理经验,结合我国高校科研经费管理的实际问题,建议从完善科研经费管理制度、完善预算管理、健全内部监管机制、构建激励机制等途径解决当前高校科研经费使用与管理方面的问题,提升科研经费使用效率,为建设创新型国家夯实基础,为实现中华民族伟大复兴“中国梦”贡献力量。
[Abstract]:In recent years, as the CPC Central Committee and the State Council enhance the independent innovation ability and build the successful implementation of the important strategic decision-making of the innovative country, the expenditure of the state in the research and development of science and technology of colleges and universities is constantly increasing. Under the guidance of all levels of government, the number of scientific research projects undertaken by colleges and universities and the level of research projects have increased greatly. Scientific research support has kept increasing momentum. In 2012, the journal Science and Technology published a special article entitled "China Science and a Harvest Year". China's central government invested 2.85 billion yuan in science and technology in 2012, an increase of 12.4 percent over the previous year. Of these, the investment of basic research was 324,500 million yuan, with a year-on-year increase of 26%, and the investment of 985 and 211 projects increased by 24%. With the increase of scientific research funds in colleges and universities, the attention of all sectors of society to the research funds of colleges and universities is continuously increasing. How to scientifically manage the funds of scientific research in colleges and universities and maximize the benefit of research funds has become a common concern of all circles. In this case, in combination with the current situation of research fund management in colleges and universities, the paper analyzes the problems existing in the management of scientific research funds in colleges and universities, explores the effective strategies for management and use of scientific research funds in colleges and universities, and has theoretical and practical value. In order to promote the standardization of scientific research fund management in colleges and universities and the scientific utilization of funds, all levels of government at all levels in our country and universities have issued corresponding methods of scientific research fund management, constantly increasing the supervision and inspection strength and density of scientific research funds, improving the internal supervision mechanism, and also obtaining certain management results. However, due to the influence of long-term system, ideology and so on, there are still many problems in the management of scientific research funds in colleges and universities. Through the research of 10 university teachers and relevant managers in C city, this paper has carried on a deep research on the problem of using management of scientific research funds in colleges and universities in combination with the existing research results. The second part mainly analyzes the related concepts and theoretical bases involved in the use and management of scientific research funds in colleges and universities: the third part selects 10 colleges and universities in C city as samples, To investigate the use and management of scientific research funds implemented in the sample schools, and to carry out personal interviews on the implementation of the management, to quantify the satisfaction degree of the use and management of scientific research funds in colleges and universities, and to analyze the problems existing in the use and management of scientific research funds in colleges and universities. The fourth part is a comprehensive analysis of the root causes of problems in the use and management of scientific research funds in colleges and universities. The fifth part analyses its characteristics and lays a foundation for the management strategy of colleges and universities in our country. The sixth part analyzes the above reasons, and puts forward suggestions and countermeasures to improve the management and effectiveness of scientific research funds. After the systematic investigation and carding, this study draws the conclusion that the use and management of scientific research funds in colleges and universities in our country are not sufficiently transparent, the budget of scientific research funds is unreasonable, the management system of the use process of scientific research funds is not perfect, and the reimbursement of scientific research funds is difficult. The performance evaluation system of scientific research funds is not perfect, and the value of human capital in scientific research funds is insufficient to reflect the deficiency. The reason is mainly due to the defects of the scientific research project management system, the use management system of scientific research funds is not perfect, the budget management flexibility is limited, labor cost and other labor cost expenditure range is narrow, The balance fund management mode is inflexible and the fund management coordination mechanism is not perfect and other reasons. Based on the experience of scientific research fund management in developed countries, combining with the practical problems of scientific research fund management in our country, it is suggested to improve the management system of scientific research funds, improve the budget management, and perfect the internal supervision mechanism. To build an incentive mechanism and other ways to solve the problems of the use and management of scientific research funds in colleges and universities, improve the use efficiency of scientific research funds, and to build a foundation for the construction of an innovative state, contribute to the realization of the great rejuvenation 鈥淐hinese Dream鈥，
本文编号：2305960
[Abstract]:In recent years, as the CPC Central Committee and the State Council enhance the independent innovation ability and build the successful implementation of the important strategic decision-making of the innovative country, the expenditure of the state in the research and development of science and technology of colleges and universities is constantly increasing. Under the guidance of all levels of government, the number of scientific research projects undertaken by colleges and universities and the level of research projects have increased greatly. Scientific research support has kept increasing momentum. In 2012, the journal Science and Technology published a special article entitled "China Science and a Harvest Year". China's central government invested 2.85 billion yuan in science and technology in 2012, an increase of 12.4 percent over the previous year. Of these, the investment of basic research was 324,500 million yuan, with a year-on-year increase of 26%, and the investment of 985 and 211 projects increased by 24%. With the increase of scientific research funds in colleges and universities, the attention of all sectors of society to the research funds of colleges and universities is continuously increasing. How to scientifically manage the funds of scientific research in colleges and universities and maximize the benefit of research funds has become a common concern of all circles. In this case, in combination with the current situation of research fund management in colleges and universities, the paper analyzes the problems existing in the management of scientific research funds in colleges and universities, explores the effective strategies for management and use of scientific research funds in colleges and universities, and has theoretical and practical value. In order to promote the standardization of scientific research fund management in colleges and universities and the scientific utilization of funds, all levels of government at all levels in our country and universities have issued corresponding methods of scientific research fund management, constantly increasing the supervision and inspection strength and density of scientific research funds, improving the internal supervision mechanism, and also obtaining certain management results. However, due to the influence of long-term system, ideology and so on, there are still many problems in the management of scientific research funds in colleges and universities. Through the research of 10 university teachers and relevant managers in C city, this paper has carried on a deep research on the problem of using management of scientific research funds in colleges and universities in combination with the existing research results. The second part mainly analyzes the related concepts and theoretical bases involved in the use and management of scientific research funds in colleges and universities: the third part selects 10 colleges and universities in C city as samples, To investigate the use and management of scientific research funds implemented in the sample schools, and to carry out personal interviews on the implementation of the management, to quantify the satisfaction degree of the use and management of scientific research funds in colleges and universities, and to analyze the problems existing in the use and management of scientific research funds in colleges and universities. The fourth part is a comprehensive analysis of the root causes of problems in the use and management of scientific research funds in colleges and universities. The fifth part analyses its characteristics and lays a foundation for the management strategy of colleges and universities in our country. The sixth part analyzes the above reasons, and puts forward suggestions and countermeasures to improve the management and effectiveness of scientific research funds. After the systematic investigation and carding, this study draws the conclusion that the use and management of scientific research funds in colleges and universities in our country are not sufficiently transparent, the budget of scientific research funds is unreasonable, the management system of the use process of scientific research funds is not perfect, and the reimbursement of scientific research funds is difficult. The performance evaluation system of scientific research funds is not perfect, and the value of human capital in scientific research funds is insufficient to reflect the deficiency. The reason is mainly due to the defects of the scientific research project management system, the use management system of scientific research funds is not perfect, the budget management flexibility is limited, labor cost and other labor cost expenditure range is narrow, The balance fund management mode is inflexible and the fund management coordination mechanism is not perfect and other reasons. Based on the experience of scientific research fund management in developed countries, combining with the practical problems of scientific research fund management in our country, it is suggested to improve the management system of scientific research funds, improve the budget management, and perfect the internal supervision mechanism. To build an incentive mechanism and other ways to solve the problems of the use and management of scientific research funds in colleges and universities, improve the use efficiency of scientific research funds, and to build a foundation for the construction of an innovative state, contribute to the realization of the great rejuvenation 鈥淐hinese Dream鈥，
本文编号：2305960
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