单件定制化生产制造环境下计划调度方法研究
发布时间：2019-05-13 07:13
【摘要】：随着全球化经济的发展市场竞争越来越激烈。在这样的市场环境下,消费者个性化需求不断增多,在资源、成本、交货期等约束条件下,不仅对产品规格和质量提出了严格的要求,同时对产品的生产效率和企业的生产方式提出了更高的挑战。在此形势下,企业之间的竞争已不仅仅是简单的产品和生产技术的竞争,同时还包括管理技术的竞争。OKP (One-of-a-Kind Production)即单件生产模式正是在这一背景下应运而生和并得到发展。OKP企业普遍存在的品种多、专业性强、生产成本高、效率低、产品过程质量难以保证、生产过程中资源约束及其动态性的特征和难点。因此OKP企业的计划调度问题更为复杂。本文以单件制蚁群算法造企业实际生产中存在的问题出发,在分析单件制造企业的特点基础上,总结了现行单件制造企业生产计划体系的不足。根据不足之处加以改进,提出了一种适合于单件制造企业的,包含年度计划、产品计划、零部件及工序计划三个层次的分层计划体系。考虑到单件制造企业在产品计划层次具有项目管理的特征,提出了一种改进的分层网络计划方法,用于编制单件制造企业产品生产计划。该网络计划模型不仅可以在产品物料清单不完整的情况下,通过分层计划得到面向生产单元和生产序列的两层网络计划图。而且结合关键链技术中有关设置缓冲时间的内容,针对不同完工概率的非关键节点添加不同程度缓冲,以此提高网络计划的可行性,进行整体网络调整,实现设计、生产准备、生产与装配的协同。针对零部件及工序计划层次存在的计划调度问题,提出了一种新的改进蚁群算法,该算法在构建工艺路线可变的析取图模型的基础上,将蚁群算法与遗传算法相结合,同时优化信息素更新规则和状态转移概率模型。以解决多产品并行生产以及产品生产工艺可变的生产调度问题。最后结合背景企业生产实践进行验证,借助调研企业的数据加以验证所提方法的有效性,以期对相关的理论研究和实践应用有所借鉴。
[Abstract]:With the development of global economy, market competition is becoming more and more fierce. In such a market environment, the personalized demand of consumers is increasing. Under the constraints of resources, cost, delivery time and other constraints, not only strict requirements for product specifications and quality have been put forward. At the same time, it puts forward higher challenges to the production efficiency of products and the mode of production of enterprises. In this situation, the competition between enterprises is not only the competition of simple products and production technology, At the same time, it also includes the competition of management technology. OKP (One-of-a-Kind Production), that is, single-piece production mode, emerges as the times require and has been developed under this background. OKP enterprises generally exist in many varieties, strong professionalism, high production cost and low efficiency. The product process quality is difficult to guarantee, and the resource constraint and its dynamic characteristics and difficulties in the production process. Therefore, the planning and scheduling problem of OKP enterprises is more complex. Based on the problems existing in the actual production of single-piece ant colony algorithm, and on the basis of analyzing the characteristics of single-piece manufacturing enterprises, this paper summarizes the shortcomings of the current production planning system of single-piece manufacturing enterprises. According to the shortcomings, a hierarchical planning system, which is suitable for single-piece manufacturing enterprises, is proposed, which includes three levels: annual plan, product plan, spare parts and process plan. Considering that single-piece manufacturing enterprises have the characteristics of project management at the product planning level, an improved hierarchical network planning method is proposed to compile the product production plan of single-piece manufacturing enterprises. The network planning model can not only obtain the two-layer network plan diagram for production unit and production sequence through hierarchical planning under the condition that the product bill of materials is incomplete. Combined with the content of setting buffer time in critical chain technology, different degrees of buffering are added for non-critical nodes with different completion probabilities, so as to improve the feasibility of network planning, adjust the whole network, realize design and production preparation. Cooperation between production and assembly. A new improved ant colony algorithm is proposed to solve the planning and scheduling problem of parts and processes. On the basis of constructing the disjunctive graph model with variable process route, the algorithm combines ant colony algorithm with genetic algorithm. At the same time, the pheromone update rules and the state transition probability model are optimized. In order to solve the multi-product parallel production and production process variable production scheduling problem. Finally, combined with the production practice of background enterprises, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the data of research enterprises, in order to draw lessons from the relevant theoretical research and practical application.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F273
，
本文编号：2475694
[Abstract]:With the development of global economy, market competition is becoming more and more fierce. In such a market environment, the personalized demand of consumers is increasing. Under the constraints of resources, cost, delivery time and other constraints, not only strict requirements for product specifications and quality have been put forward. At the same time, it puts forward higher challenges to the production efficiency of products and the mode of production of enterprises. In this situation, the competition between enterprises is not only the competition of simple products and production technology, At the same time, it also includes the competition of management technology. OKP (One-of-a-Kind Production), that is, single-piece production mode, emerges as the times require and has been developed under this background. OKP enterprises generally exist in many varieties, strong professionalism, high production cost and low efficiency. The product process quality is difficult to guarantee, and the resource constraint and its dynamic characteristics and difficulties in the production process. Therefore, the planning and scheduling problem of OKP enterprises is more complex. Based on the problems existing in the actual production of single-piece ant colony algorithm, and on the basis of analyzing the characteristics of single-piece manufacturing enterprises, this paper summarizes the shortcomings of the current production planning system of single-piece manufacturing enterprises. According to the shortcomings, a hierarchical planning system, which is suitable for single-piece manufacturing enterprises, is proposed, which includes three levels: annual plan, product plan, spare parts and process plan. Considering that single-piece manufacturing enterprises have the characteristics of project management at the product planning level, an improved hierarchical network planning method is proposed to compile the product production plan of single-piece manufacturing enterprises. The network planning model can not only obtain the two-layer network plan diagram for production unit and production sequence through hierarchical planning under the condition that the product bill of materials is incomplete. Combined with the content of setting buffer time in critical chain technology, different degrees of buffering are added for non-critical nodes with different completion probabilities, so as to improve the feasibility of network planning, adjust the whole network, realize design and production preparation. Cooperation between production and assembly. A new improved ant colony algorithm is proposed to solve the planning and scheduling problem of parts and processes. On the basis of constructing the disjunctive graph model with variable process route, the algorithm combines ant colony algorithm with genetic algorithm. At the same time, the pheromone update rules and the state transition probability model are optimized. In order to solve the multi-product parallel production and production process variable production scheduling problem. Finally, combined with the production practice of background enterprises, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by the data of research enterprises, in order to draw lessons from the relevant theoretical research and practical application.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F273
，
本文编号：2475694
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