广域网下一种基于OpenFlow的标签路由设计与标签分配研究

发布时间：2018-01-27 13:21

  本文关键词： 软件定义网络 OpenFlow 广域网 标签路由 标签分配 负载均衡　出处：《中国科学技术大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：软件定义网络(SDN/OpenFlow)是一种新型的网络架构,将传统网络的封闭体系分离为数据平面和控制平面,具有良好的可控性和灵活性。SDN开始被引入到许多场景下的网络,其中包括广域网。将SDN/OpenFlow应用于广域网中存在以下技术挑战:受限于链路物理距离,控制器与交换机之间通信时延长,导致新流到达时,新建数据流路径时间长的问题。目前的研究主要使用源路由(如SlickFlow)的方案解决这个问题。这些方案存在问题:数据包需要携带较大且变长的包头信息,不利于硬件实现;修改了 OpenFlow协议,不利于推广应用。本文对上述问题进行了深入研究,提出了对应的解决方案,论文的主要贡献如下:(1)提出了基于OpenFlow的标签路由机制,并且在不修改OpenFlow协议前提下,给出了一个实现该标签路由的方案。本文将标签信息存放在QinQ的VLAN包头域中,与SlickFlow相比,压入的包头信息短小且定长。论证了本文的标签仅会增加0.26-6.25%的传输时延和少于0.52us的操作时延。从分析和实验结果表明,新流到达时,可以减少交换机与控制器之间的通信量,从而降低网络平均时延。(2)设计了一个基于OpenFlow的标签分配机制,讨论了如何分配和管理标签路由的标签。基于Ryu控制器、MongoDB等技术,设计了一个可以分配、管理、存储和下发标签的系统,同时该系统具有良好的扩展性。最后,在盛科V150交换机和EX2000拓扑连接器上,搭建了标签分配机制的原型系统。实验结果表明,原型系统可以有效地分配下发标签以及删除网络中的标签信息。(3)基于流量矩阵,讨论了如何利用标签分配实现网络链路负载均衡。首先讨论了目前SDN中测量流量矩阵的研究,并给出了测量流量矩阵的一般方法。然后基于流量矩阵负载均衡算法(TM-LB)进行改进,提出了 ITM-LB算法。本文使用真实的和随机的流量矩阵进行两次仿真实验,实验结果表明,使用ITM-LB和TM-LB算法下发标签都能实现链路负载均衡。但是,无论是负载均衡能力还是算法运行效率,本文提出的ITM-LB算法都要优于TM-LB算法。
[Abstract]:SDN / Open flow (SDN / Open flow) is a new network architecture, which separates the traditional closed network architecture into data plane and control plane. With good controllability and flexibility. SDN is beginning to be introduced into networks under many scenarios. These include WAN. The following technical challenges exist in applying SDN/OpenFlow to WAN: limited by link physical distance, extended communication time between controller and switch, resulting in the arrival of new streams. The problem of long path time for new data flow. Current research mainly uses source routing (such as Slick flow). These solutions have problems: packets need to carry larger and longer header information. It is not good for hardware realization; The modification of OpenFlow protocol is not conducive to popularization and application. This paper makes a thorough study of the above problems and puts forward corresponding solutions. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) A label routing mechanism based on OpenFlow is proposed, and the OpenFlow protocol is not modified. In this paper, the label information is stored in the VLAN header domain of QinQ, which is compared with SlickFlow. It is demonstrated that the label in this paper can only increase the transmission delay by 0.26-6.25% and the operation delay by less than 0.52us. The results of analysis and experiment show that the proposed label can increase the transmission delay by 0.26-6.25% and the operation delay by less than 0.52us. When the new stream arrives, the traffic between the switch and the controller can be reduced, thus reducing the average network delay. (2) A label allocation mechanism based on OpenFlow is designed. This paper discusses how to allocate and manage label routing. Based on the technology of Ryu controller and MongoDB, we design a system that can distribute, manage, store and distribute tags. At the same time, the system has good expansibility. Finally, a prototype system of label allocation mechanism is built on Shengke V150 switch and EX2000 topology connector. The experimental results show that. The prototype system can effectively allocate the sending label and delete the label information in the network. 3) based on the traffic matrix. This paper discusses how to realize network link load balance by label allocation. Firstly, the research of measurement flow matrix in SDN is discussed. A general method of measuring the flow matrix is given, and then improved based on the traffic matrix load balancing algorithm (TM-LB). ITM-LB algorithm is proposed in this paper. The real and random flow matrix is used to carry out two simulation experiments, and the experimental results show that. ITM-LB and TM-LB algorithms can be used to distribute labels to achieve link load balancing. However, both load balancing ability and algorithm efficiency can be achieved. The proposed ITM-LB algorithm is superior to the TM-LB algorithm.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP393.0

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