基于SPICE协议的虚拟桌面设计与实现

发布时间：2018-03-14 08:43

本文选题：SPICE　切入点：云计算　出处：《西安邮电大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着云计算技术的快速发展和普及,云计算技术正在不断地促进和影响虚拟桌面的发展。SPICE协议是一种开源的虚拟桌面传输协议,它通过在虚拟环境中部署远程桌面显示系统,虚拟桌面的用户可以在互联网的任意位置和时间通过各种终端设备查看远程桌面系统。本文首先对基于SPICE协议的虚拟桌面框架进行剖析,主要分析客户端框架、虚拟设备接口、QXL图形图像设备、鼠标操作等内容,然后分析影响虚拟桌面性能的技术因素,这也是论文重点需要解决的技术难题。随后对OpenStack的服务器虚拟化技术进行剖析,主要包括：虚拟化技术的简介、虚拟化框架的分析以及对OpenStack平台上虚拟资源的管理。在此基础上,完成基于SPICE协议的虚拟桌面客户端的设计与实现,然后对虚拟桌面客户端进行汉化和测试,在测试的过程中,由于虚拟桌面客户端不能自动进行USB设备的重定向,所以这是论文中需要解决和优化的重点内容之一。在论文的最后一章中,主要对虚拟桌面进行了性能测试和改进,其中包括：虚拟桌面客户端对音频的支持、USB设备的自动重定向功能、虚拟桌面客户端的视频性能优化与改进。基于SPICE协议的虚拟桌面对音频的支持效果很差,在虚拟桌面播放音频经常会出现无声和卡顿的现象,本论文通过修改虚拟桌面的配置文件和选择对应的音频设备能够解决无声和卡顿现象。基于SPICE协议的虚拟桌面在插入USB设备后不能自动完成USB设备的重定向功能,本论文提出一种解决USB设备重定向功能的方法,只有通过虚拟桌面认证后的用户才能通过虚拟桌面的客户端访问远程虚拟资源池,从而实现对远程服务器资源的管理与操作。为了解决虚拟桌面在播放视频时出现的画面延迟和跳帧现象,首先将视频流占用网络带宽的比例因子与丢帧算法相结合,根据网络带宽选择对应的视频流丢帧策略,有效减轻网络带宽对视频传输带来的延迟,同时减少虚拟桌面的视频流在网络传输过程中的丢帧率。通过采样和分析虚拟桌面在网络传输过程中的视频流,然后进行大量的对比测试,证明本方案能够有效地解决虚拟桌面在视频播放中的画面延迟和跳帧现象。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development and popularization of cloud computing technology, cloud computing technology is constantly promoting and influencing the development of virtual desktop. Spice protocol is an open source virtual desktop transport protocol. The users of virtual desktop can view remote desktop system through various terminal devices in any place and time of the Internet. Firstly, this paper analyzes the virtual desktop framework based on SPICE protocol, mainly analyzes the client framework. Virtual device interface QXL graphics and image equipment, mouse operation, and so on, then analyzes the technical factors that affect the performance of virtual desktop, which is also the key technical problem to be solved in this paper. Then, the paper analyzes the server virtualization technology of OpenStack. It mainly includes: the introduction of virtualization technology, the analysis of virtualization framework and the management of virtual resources on OpenStack platform. On this basis, the design and implementation of virtual desktop client based on SPICE protocol are completed. The virtual desktop client can not automatically redirect the USB device in the process of testing. Therefore, this is one of the key issues to be solved and optimized. In the last chapter of the paper, we mainly test and improve the performance of virtual desktop. It includes: the support of virtual desktop client to audio, the function of automatic redirection of USB device, the optimization and improvement of video performance of virtual desktop client, and the poor support effect of virtual desktop to audio based on SPICE protocol. Audio playing on the virtual desktop often has the phenomenon of voiceless and Caulton. In this paper, we can solve the problem of silence and carton by modifying the configuration file of the virtual desktop and selecting the corresponding audio device. The virtual desktop based on SPICE protocol can not automatically complete the redirection function of the USB device after inserting the USB device. This paper presents a method to solve the redirection function of USB device. Only after virtual desktop authentication can users access the remote virtual resource pool through the client of virtual desktop. In order to solve the picture delay and frame hopping phenomenon when virtual desktop plays video, the scale factor of video stream occupying network bandwidth is combined with the lost frame algorithm. According to the network bandwidth, the corresponding video stream frame loss strategy is selected to effectively reduce the delay brought by the network bandwidth to the video transmission. At the same time, it reduces the frame loss rate of virtual desktop video stream in the process of network transmission. By sampling and analyzing the video stream of virtual desktop in the course of network transmission, a large number of contrast tests are carried out. It is proved that this scheme can effectively solve the picture delay and frame hopping in video playing of virtual desktop.
【学位授予单位】：西安邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP316;TP393.04

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