基于软件定义网络的STP和RIP协议的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-04-21 08:55

本文选题：软件定义网络 + OpenFlow　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着互联网行业的迅猛发展,云计算、大数据也随之兴起,从而导致了对数据中心通信能力的需求大幅提升。在信息爆炸的网络时代,传统网络在通信性能与维护便捷性上已经到达了瓶颈,用传统网络来带动互联网时代的发展也已显得捉襟见肘。特别是在巨型的数据中心中,大量的服务器与网络设备的构成使得对数据中心的维护与管理变得极为困难,传统网络在这种情况下暴露出了它已经无法完全满足时代发展需求的特性。为应对当前传统网络所拥有的一些弊端,本文在研究了软件定义网络(SDN)这种新型的网络架构后发现,采用SDN这种新型网络架构可以很好地解决当前所面临的这些困境,可以通过SDN将网络的控制与转发分离,实现了网络的管理便捷化,也有效地提高了转发的速率。另外,SDN通过开放的北向接口使得今后运营和管理SDN网络的人员能方便地获取网络运行状态信息,并且能够方便地通过软件来实现新协议及新业务的部署,极大地简化了网络运维的难度。所以本文就是利用SDN的这些特性来解决当今互联网数据中心所面临的维护管理复杂和通信能力需求不足的问题。鉴于传统网络已经占据了所有的用户群,而SDN还属于研究发展阶段,不具有非常广泛的普适性,所以SDN网络将在很长的一段时间内与传统网络共存。为实现SDN网络与传统网络互通,需要在SDN架构上能对传统的网络架构的协议进行解析,互联互通。由于SDN网络中,控制与转发分离的特性,使得SDN交换机不能对传统的IP数据包进行解析并对其进行操作,只能由控制器对其进行解析,并对SDN交换机下发流表指导交换机的行为。所以为了实现SDN网络与传统网络能够互联互通,就需要在SDN控制器端能实现传统网络中的二层交换和三层路由功能。为解决在SDN交换网络中交换机连接形成环路可能发生的广播风暴,本文采用了 STP协议来解决这个问题。STP协议旨在交换机构成的网络中消除网络环路,避免广播造成的网络风暴,并在链路出现问题时还可提供备份链路。另外,为了提高网络转发效率和带宽利用率,本文在研究三层路由的过程中采用RIP协议的方法通过链路跳数来计算出最短转发路径来提高网络的性能。本文选择STP和RIP这两个比较具有代表性的二层交换和三层路由协议进行了研究、设计与实现。本文在控制器中基于OpenFlow协议对STP与RIP进行了设计与实现,使得在SDN网络中控制器能解析一般交换机发送的封包,实现STP和RIP协议,也可在纯SDN网络中,完成STP和RIP的实现。在SDN架构下,所有的协议的实现都由控制器完成,而交换机只负责数据的转发,这样就使得实现STP和RIP的开销较传统网络而言大幅减少。本文通过现行的开源控制器RYU对基于SDN网络的STP协议和RIP协议做出了开发。最后,本文脱离虚拟模拟平台,采用SDN物理交换机进行验证平台的搭建,对本文的设计进行了实验与验证。实验结果表明,本文的设计及思路是有效且可行的,在SDN网络中能很好地运行传统网络的STP和RIP协议,避免网络风暴的生成,保障拓扑稳定,通过RIP计算最短转发路径,能提高网络转发效率。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the Internet industry, cloud computing and large data are also rising, which leads to a large increase in the demand for communication capability of the data center. In the era of information explosion, the traditional network has reached the bottleneck in communication performance and maintenance convenience, and the development of the Internet era with an integrated network has also appeared to appear. In a huge data center, in particular, a large number of servers and network devices make it difficult to maintain and manage the data center. In this case, the traditional network exposes the characteristics that it is unable to fully meet the needs of the development of the times. After studying the new network architecture of software defined network (SDN), this paper finds that the new network architecture using SDN can solve these difficulties very well. The control and forwarding of network can be separated by SDN, the management of network is convenient, and the rate of forwarding can be improved effectively. In addition, SDN passes through the network. The open north interface makes the people in the future operation and management of the SDN network easy to obtain the information of the network running state, and can easily realize the new protocol and the deployment of new services through the software, which greatly simplifies the difficulty of the network operation and maintenance. So this paper uses these features of SDN to solve the current Internet data. In view of the complexity of maintenance management and lack of demand for communication ability, in view of the fact that the traditional network has occupied all the user groups, and SDN is still in the stage of research and development, it does not have a very broad universality, so the SDN network will coexist with the traditional network for a long time. In order to realize the intercommunication between the SDN network and the traditional network, The protocol of the traditional network architecture needs to be parsed and interconnected in the SDN architecture. Because of the separation of control and forwarding in the SDN network, the SDN switch can not parse and operate the traditional IP packet, and can only analyze it by the controller, and guide the switch to the flow table of the SDN switch. So in order to interconnect the SDN network with the traditional network, it is necessary to implement the two layer switching and three layer routing functions of the traditional network at the SDN controller end. In order to solve the broadcast storm that may occur in the loop connection of the switch network in the SDN switching network, this paper uses the STP protocol to solve the.STP protocol of this problem. In order to eliminate the network loop in the network composed of switches, avoid the network storm caused by broadcasting, and provide a backup link when the link appears, in order to improve the network forwarding efficiency and bandwidth utilization, this paper uses the link hop count to calculate the shortest forwarding in the study of the three layer routing in the process of the study of the three layer routing. In this paper, two representative two layer switching and three layer routing protocols, such as STP and RIP, are studied, designed and implemented. In this paper, STP and RIP are designed and implemented based on OpenFlow protocol in the controller, so that the controller can parse the packets sent by the general switch in the SDN network. The implementation of the STP and RIP protocols can also complete the implementation of STP and RIP in a pure SDN network. Under the SDN architecture, the implementation of all protocols is completed by the controller, and the switch is only responsible for the forwarding of data. This makes the overhead of realizing STP and RIP substantially less than the traditional network. In this paper, the present open source controller RYU is based on the SDN network. The STP protocol and the RIP protocol have been developed. Finally, this paper, from the virtual simulation platform, uses the SDN physical switch to build the verification platform, and experiments and verifies the design of this paper. The experimental results show that the design and thought of this paper are effective and feasible, and the STP and RIP of the traditional network can be well run in the SDN network. The protocol avoids the generation of network storm, guarantees topology stability, and calculates the shortest forwarding path through RIP, which can improve network forwarding efficiency.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP393.0

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