一种自适应链路触发的快速有效的PMIPv6切换方案

发布时间：2018-06-05 02:38

本文选题：PMIPv6 + 快速切换　；参考：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：代理移动IPv6(PMIPv6)是因特网工程任务组(IETF)基于网络的移动性管理(NETLMM)工作组于2008年提出并标准化的一种基于网络的本地移动性管理协议。在PMIPv6协议中,不需要移动节点IP协议栈的改变以及任何网络层移动性管理相关的信令过程的参与,节约了无线资源并降低了移动节点在无线链路上的隧道传输开销和信令开销。然而,由于PMIPv6协议采用的是“先断后接”的反应式切换模式,在PMIPv6协议切换过程中的接入认证,注册更新和隧道建立等操作,带来了较大的切换时延和数据包的丢失,这对于实时性要求较高的即时通信和多媒体应用来说是不能接受的。 IETF工作组于2011年提出的快速代理移动IPv6(FPMIPv6)协议方案虽然可以一定程度上减少PMIPv6协议切换过程带来的切换时延和丢包,但是当移动节点运动较快,网络没有足够的时间进行预测式的切换准备时,FPMIPv6协议的预测式切换机制失败,采用反应式切换机制。而反应式的代理切换发起和应答消息交互及隧道建立操作,引起较长的通信过程数据的中断和数据包丢失,会导致切换性能的大幅下降。本文提出一种自适应链路触发的快速有效的PMIPv6切换方案。针对FPMIPv6切换协议中,当预测式快速切换机制失败时,需采用反应式切换机制而带来较大的通信中断和丢包,以及包传输开销较大的问题,本文采用自适应链路触发机制,即链路即将断裂触发信号的产生不再依赖于特定的接收信号门限,而是根据移动节点的速度和切换准备操作所需要的时间来动态产生,自适应启动切换准备操作,确保网络有足够的时间来完成切换准备操作及预测式切换模式的成功进行。同时,将PMIPv6切换过程中的接入认证和注册更新过程在当前链路断裂之前提前完成,使得移动节点在连接到新的接入网络后能够尽快配置端口并继续进行之前的通信会话过程,大大减少了切换所带来的通信中断时间,并且在完成注册后直接建立本地移动锚点(LMA)与新移动接入网关之间的双向隧道,新移动接入网关的缓冲器缓存来自LMA的下行数据包,从而避免数据包在切换过程中的丢失。同时,这种有效的缓冲机制也避免了在FPMIPv6切换协议中,先前移动接入网关(p-MAG)和新移动接入网关(n-MAG)之间的双向隧道之间的隧道的传输开销。本文首先通过数值分析的方式,引入预测式快速失败概率模型,分别对提出的自适应链路触发的快速有效的切换方案,基本的PMIPv6及FPMIPv6三种切换方案,在三层切换时延和包传输开销方面的性能进行了对比分析,进行数值分析的结果表明,本文提出的改进切换机制的三层切换时延和包传输开销在三种切换方案中都是最小的,性能最优。应用NS-2仿真工具对三种切换方案的性能进行了仿真模拟,仿真结果很好地验证了数值分析结果。
[Abstract]:Agent Mobile IPv6 (IPMIPv6) is a Web-based local mobility management protocol proposed and standardized by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Network Mobility Management (NETLMMM) working Group in 2008. In PMIPv6 protocol, there is no need for the change of IP stack of mobile nodes and the participation of any signaling process related to mobility management in network layer, which saves wireless resources and reduces the overhead of tunnel transmission and signaling of mobile nodes on wireless links. However, because the PMIPv6 protocol adopts the reactive switching mode of "first disconnect and then connect", the operation of access authentication, registration update and tunnel establishment in the process of PMIPv6 protocol handoff has brought about a large handoff delay and packet loss. This is unacceptable for real-time instant messaging and multimedia applications. The Fast Agent Mobile IPv6 (FPMIPv6) protocol proposed by the IETF working Group in 2011 can reduce the handoff delay and packet loss caused by the handover process of the PMIPv6 protocol to a certain extent, but when the mobile nodes move faster, The network does not have enough time for predictive handoff preparation when the predictive handoff mechanism of FPMIPv6 protocol fails and the reactive handoff mechanism is adopted. However, reactive agent handoff initiation and response message interaction and tunneling operations can lead to the interruption of long communication process data and the loss of data packets, which will lead to a significant decline in handoff performance. This paper presents a fast and efficient PMIPv6 handoff scheme for adaptive link triggering. In FPMIPv6 handoff protocol, when the predictive fast handoff mechanism fails, the reactive handoff mechanism should be used to bring more communication interruption and packet loss, and the packet transmission overhead is high. In this paper, adaptive link trigger mechanism is adopted. That is, the generation of the link imminent break trigger signal is no longer dependent on the specific threshold of the received signal, but is dynamically generated according to the speed of the mobile node and the time required for the handover preparation operation, and adaptively starts the handover preparation operation. Ensure that the network has sufficient time to complete the handover preparation operation and the successful implementation of the predictive handover mode. At the same time, the access authentication and registration update process in the PMIPv6 handover process is completed in advance before the current link breaks, so that the mobile node can configure the port and continue the previous communication session process as soon as possible after connecting to the new access network. The communication interruption time caused by handover is greatly reduced, and the two-way tunnel between the local mobile anchor LMA and the new mobile access gateway is directly established after registration is completed. The buffer of the new mobile access gateway cache the downlink packets from the LMA. In order to avoid the packet in the switching process of the loss. At the same time, this efficient buffer mechanism also avoids the transmission overhead between the bidirectional tunnel between the previous mobile access gateway (p-MAG) and the new mobile access gateway (n-MAG) in the FPMIPv6 handoff protocol. In this paper, a predictive fast failure probability model is introduced through numerical analysis. The proposed fast and effective handoff scheme based on adaptive link trigger, the basic PMIPv6 and FPMIPv6 handoff schemes are proposed respectively. The performance of layer 3 handoff delay and packet transmission overhead are compared and analyzed. The numerical results show that the proposed layer 3 handoff delay and packet transmission overhead are the least among the three handoff schemes. Optimal performance. The performance of the three switching schemes is simulated by using the NS-2 simulation tool, and the numerical analysis results are well verified by the simulation results.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TP393.04

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