现阶段我国国债投资拉动国内需求对策研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 21:30

本文关键词：现阶段我国国债投资拉动国内需求对策研究　出处：《辽宁大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：国债是国家为了实现其职能的需要，以债的原则发行债券以达到筹集资金的目的，但是与普通债的不同之处在于它的信用基础是国家，是国家与购买者之间形成的债权与债务关系。国债本身具有两重性质即金融和财政性质。一是在我国现阶段市场经济的条件下国债的发行和流通都是在金融市场上完成的，，二是我国财政政策中包涵国债政策，国家的一些财政相关的方针政策的实现都需要国债政策的支持。因此国债的支出方向以及规模的大小都是财政政策的重要部分。国债发行的结果还会影响到市场上货币的供给情况，因此说国债是连接金融、财政和货币的重要枢纽。中外学者对发行国债给国家微观和宏观经济带来的影响是利大于弊还是弊大于利说法不一。中国人民大学财政金融学院的王传纶教授认为:“国债对我国整个宏观经济产生相应的拉动作用，同样对微观主体也有一定积极的影响。”在不同的经济环境和背景下我国的国债政策也随着改变。亚洲金融危机和美国次贷危机都给我国的经济带来了不小的影响，这一段期间我国为了应对危机带来的影响及时的调整了财政政策，国债政策是财政政策的重要组成部分也随之进行了相应的调整，那么这一段期间我国国债政策调整对我国内需的拉动究竟是怎样的，本文通过对这一时间段内国债政策的分析看看国债到底对我国的内需拉动是多大。并且针对现状提出一些问题和建议。本文是从理论到实证，根据实证的结果分析存在问题及原因，最后根据现状给出建议一共分为五部分。第一部分写的是国债拉动内需的相关经济学理论，这部分主要包括国债的观念界定以及拉动内需的相关理论。主要是从中西方两个角度来描述包括公债的正、负、中效应理论和我国国债效应理论的发展，主要包括国债拉动社会主义基础建设、调节物资供求、拉动内需以及调节产业结构这四个方面的理论。第二部分写的是1998年以来我国国债的发行情况，衡量国债的标准很多本文主要是从微观和宏观这两个标准进行分析，结合数据和图表将每个衡量标准都进行分析，得出相应的结论。第三部分是我国国债投资拉动国内需求效果分析，这一部分主要是由两大块构成的。一块是推导国债投资乘数一块是IS—LM曲线模型。用推导出来的国债投资乘数计算出我国的国债投资乘数是多少并分析对内需的拉动。再用IS—LM曲线模型分析我国国债投资是否存在挤出效应。第四部分写的是我国国债投资拉动内需存在的问题及原因分析，我国国债投资在对居民消费拉动、通货膨胀、固定资产比重上都存在一定的问题，此外我国国债投资乘数越来越小也是一个很重要的问题。第五部分写的是我国国债投资拉动内需的对策。针对本文第四部分国债投资拉动内需存在的问题相应的给出相关的对策。主要包括从整体上对国债投资的规模进行控制，加强这方面的监督和管理从而实现国债市场机制安全有效地运行；对“三农”的投入力度要增大，从根本上解决我国现阶段存在的城乡消费差异问题实现全社会生活和消费水平的提高；针对我国目前产业结构不合理这个问题国债投资应将重点放在调整和提高产业结构这方面上来；完善国债政策和其它政策相结合的链接机制即：央行要积极地参与国债的发行中来，市场体系也要及时的完善，另外还要加强商业银行体系的改革以便更好的为提高国债投资拉动内需服务。
[Abstract]:The State Treasury is needed in order to achieve its functions, to the principle of debt to issue bonds to raise funds to achieve the purpose, but different from the common debt credit is that it is based on the national debt and debt, is formed between the state and the buyer relationship. Bond itself has the dual nature of the financial and fiscal nature. One is the issue of and the bond market at the present stage of our country under the conditions of market economy are in the financial market, the two is the inclusion of national debt policy in China to realize the national fiscal policy, fiscal policy will need to be related to national debt policy support. So spending and the size of the bond direction are an important part of fiscal policy. The result of the issuance of treasury bonds will also affect the market on money supply, so that national debt is an important hub connecting the financial, fiscal and monetary. Chinese and foreign scholars on the hair The effect of national debt to the state of micro and macro economy is more advantages than disadvantages vary. Professor Wang Chuanguan of Renmin University of China School of finance, said: "the bond pull corresponding to our country entire macro economy, and also have certain positive influence on the micro subject." in different economic environment and under the background of national debt policy in China. With the change brought no small impact of the Asian financial crisis and the U.S. subprime mortgage crisis to China's economic impact, this period in order to deal with the crisis timely adjustment of fiscal policy, debt policy is an important part of fiscal policy has been made accordingly, so this period of our national debt policy adjustment what on domestic demand driven, based on the analysis of this period of time the national debt policy To see how big the national debt is to China's domestic demand and to put forward some questions and suggestions on the current situation.
This article is from the theory to the empirical, according to the results of the empirical analysis of the problems and reasons, and finally, according to the status quo, the proposal is divided into five parts.
The first part of the related theory of economics is written in treasury bonds to stimulate domestic demand, the related theory of this part mainly includes the concept and definition of treasury bonds to stimulate domestic demand is mainly western from two angles to describe including bonds is negative, in the development of China's national debt effect theory and effect theory, including the construction of socialist bond pull, adjust the supply and demand of goods, the four aspects of stimulating domestic demand and adjust the industrial structure theory.
The second part is about the issuance of China's national debt since 1998. It's a measure of the national debt standard. This paper mainly analyzes the two standards from the micro and macro level, and combines the data and charts to analyze each measurement standard and draw the corresponding conclusion.
The third part is the analysis of the effect of national debt investment to boost domestic demand in China, this part is mainly composed of two parts. One is the derivation of treasury bond investment multiplier is a IS - LM curve model. Using the derived bond investment multiplier calculated China's treasury bond investment multiplier is much and analysis of domestic demand. Then the IS - LM curve model to analyze whether the crowding out effect existing in our country's national debt investment.
The fourth part is the analysis on the existing problems and reasons of China's treasury bonds to stimulate domestic demand, China's investment in the residents consumption, inflation, there are some problems in the proportion of fixed assets, and treasury bond investment multiplier in China is also a very important problem.
The fifth part is the Countermeasures of China's investment in stimulating domestic demand. In the fourth part of this investment led domestic problems and gives the corresponding countermeasures. Including related to the investment scale of overall control, strengthen the supervision and administration of the operation effectively and realizes the security mechanism of the bond market; the "Three Rural" investment to increase, fundamentally solve the problem of urban and rural consumption differences exist in the present stage of our country to achieve full social life and raising the level of consumption; in view of the current irrational industrial structure the problem of treasury bond investment should focus on the adjustment of industrial structure and improve the mechanism to improve the bond link up; the combination of policy and other policies that the central bank should actively participate in the issuance of government bonds to the market system to timely perfect, in addition to strengthening business The reform of the industry bank system so as to better promote domestic demand services to improve the investment of national debt.

【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F812.5;F224

【参考文献】