唐五代宫词中的女性形象研究

发布时间：2017-12-28 07:34

本文关键词：唐五代宫词中的女性形象研究　出处：《延边大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：宫词是我国古代文学中一种独特的文体,一般是指关涉宫院生活的诗,它以描写宫苑风光和宫人生活为主,同时兼及某一特定时代地域的典章制度、风俗物产、审美习尚等相关内容。宫词一般多为七言绝句,今存作品数千首,其起源最早可追溯到《诗经》。首先以"宫词"二字为名的诗歌是崔国辅的《魏宫词》,直到唐代王建百首连章组诗的出现,宫词这一诗歌形式才正式兴盛起来。此后又有王涯、张籍、殷尧藩、章孝标、张祜等诸多宫词诗人的出现,至五代前蜀花蕊夫人首次以后妃身份作百首宫词。之后历代多有继作者,如五代后晋和凝,宋代宋白、张公痒、周彦质、王仲修、宋徽宗、杨皇后、胡伟以及明清诸多宫词诗人。宫词的大量出现引起了世人的瞩目,而在大量的宫词作品中,王建、和凝和花蕊夫人之作在宫词史上占有特殊的地位。本文选择唐五代时期的宫词,以王建、花蕊夫人、和凝等诗人的作品为中心,从女性主义文学批评方法来研究宫词中的女性形象。唐五代宫词以宫廷女性为诗歌描写的主体对象,其中涉及宫女、宫伎、宫婢等宫廷独有的女性形象。诗人通过对宫廷女性形象的描写,展现了女性的容貌美、服饰美、德行美以及性格美等多方面审美特征,具有极高的审美价值,同时亦表现出诗人独特的审美情趣,充分表现了对女性美的肯定。但千百年来男性对女性的审美标准也成为了影响女性主体价值实现的枷锁。宫廷女性受当时的宫廷环境、文化、生活等诸多因素影响,形成了与社会普通女性不同的心理状态,产生了心理矛盾、心理诉求和心理局限等具体表现。如此种种心理状态的出现正是由于唐五代时期女性观的影响,而从男性与女性宫词诗人作品所反映的女性形象中我们能够窥见带有各自两性特点的女性观。但值得一提的是,在中国古代这样一个以男权为性别主导的社会无意识的大环境下,两性诗人不约而同地在作品中表现出具有"双性同体"特征的内容,这不仅是诗人对超越单一性别气质的优越人格的追求,更是女性观中所展现出的性别融合的完美理想,具有更高的性别意义与社会意义。在对女性的描写上,唐五代宫词在延续了唐前宫怨诗和宫体诗以关注宫廷妇女生活为创作中心的特点的同时,又脱离了宫体"伤于轻艳"的藩篱,使得唐五代宫词在古代宫廷文学中取得了辉煌的艺术成就。宫词这一诗体从唐代至20世纪40年代渐至消逝,经历了一千多年盛衰不绝。唐五代宫词对女性的塑造和表现能够让我们看到一个时期的女性社会地位和意识,从而全面的观察女性文学的发展情况。
[Abstract]:The palace is a unique style of ancient Chinese literature, which generally refers to the life Palace poem, it mainly describes the scenery and the palace palace life, and a particular era regional institutions, custom products, aesthetic conceptions and other related content. Its general for more than seven quatrains, the thousands of works, its origin can be traced back to the "Book of Songs". Taking the "Palace" two words in the name of Cui Guofu's poetry is "Wei Palace", until the Tang Dynasty Wang Jian's hundreds of poems in this chapter even, the form of poetry flourished before the official palace. Then there, Wang Ya Zhang Ji and Yin Yaofan, Zhang Xiaobiao, Zhang Hu and many other poets of the palace, to the five generation ago huaruifuren Shu for the first time after the princess for 100 pieces. After the second author, such as the five generation of Jin and Song Dynasty Song Bai, Zhang Gong Ning, Zhou Yanzhi, Wang Zhongxiu, Song Huizong, Yang, Yang, Hu Wei and queen many poets of Ming and Qing Dynasties palace. The emergence of a large number of Gongci attracted worldwide attention, and in a large number of its works, Wang Jian, and coagulation and huaruifuren work occupies a special position in the history of the palace. This choice of the Tang Dynasty to the Five Dynasties palace, with Wang Jian, huaruifuren, and coagulation of the works of poets such as the center, from the feminist literary criticism method to study the image of women in the palace. The palace of Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties to the palace women for poetic description of the main object, which relates to the ladies, Gong Ji, the palace maids palace women's unique image etc.. Through the description of palace women, the poets show the aesthetic features of women's beauty, beauty, Tokuroyuki Mi, and character beauty. They have very high aesthetic value, and also show the unique aesthetic taste of poets. They fully show the affirmation of female beauty. But for thousands of years, men's aesthetic standards for women have also become the shackles that affect the realization of women's main body value. Court women were influenced by many factors such as court environment, culture and life at that time. They formed different psychological states from ordinary women. They produced psychological contradictions, psychological appeals and psychological limitations. There is such a variety of psychological state is due to the influence of the Tang and the Five Dynasties view of women, female images reflected from the male and female palace poets' works we can see with their gender characteristics of female view. But it is worth mentioning that, in ancient Chinese such a male dominated society for gender conscious environment, bisexual poet invariably works in exhibit "androgyny" characteristics of the content, which is not only the pursuit of superior personality beyond a single poet gender temperament, especially women show the concept of gender in perfect fusion, with gender and social meaning of higher. In the description of the female, the Tang and the Five Dynasties palace in the continuation of the pre Tang Dynasty Palace Enmity Poem and the palace poetry focuses on the characteristics of the palace women life as a creative center at the same time, and out of the palace "injury in the light bright" barriers, makes the Gongci in Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties has made brilliant achievements in the art of ancient palace literature in. This is a poem from the Tang Dynasty palace to 1940s to gradually disappear, has experienced one thousand years of ups and downs of endless. The creation and performance of female palace in Tang Dynasty and five dynasties can let us see the social status of female consciousness and a period of time, thus the development of comprehensive observation of female literature.
【学位授予单位】：延边大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.23

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