贾平凹“城镇化题材”小说论

发布时间：2018-01-04 02:06

本文关键词：贾平凹“城镇化题材”小说论　出处：《西安外国语大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文从贾平凹二十世纪80年代的“商州系列”小说开始,跨越作家近三十年的创作历程,按照时间顺序将作品中的人物串联起来,研究作品中体现“城镇化进程”所带来的城乡变革中的人物群像,通过对不同时期人物形象的现实“互文”与“超越”分析作者对城乡关系的认识以及态度的变迁。在1980年代,国家的改革开放政策刚刚实行,农村经济走向改革,这一时期创作的中篇小说《小月前本》、《鸡窝洼人家》、《腊月·正月》中的人物形象都比较简单,带着强烈的时代感,作者既塑造了截然不同的两种新旧农民形象,又呈现了城乡对立的两组人物形象。最后以1986年创作的《浮躁》总结80年代,以一个离去又归来的新农民总结这一时期的农村变革,这一时期作者态度明确,对改革报以肯定的态度,但同时对改革过程中出现的利益至上、社会腐败等负面现象充满忧虑。到了1990年代,城市化进程加快,改革重心由农村转到城市,市场经济改变了城市人和乡村人的生活方式,也改变了城市人和乡村人的精神状态。这一时期便出现了《废都》和《白夜》中身心分离、无所依附、精神苦闷的“文人”形象庄之蝶、夜郎,也出现了《土门》中为捍卫乡村而牺牲自己的农民英雄形象成义,最后以1998年的《高老庄》作为90年代的尾声,以“离去—归来—再离去”的乡村知识分子高子路的出走为结局,无论是在城市还是在乡村,知识分子都找不到精神归宿和身份认同感,代表着传统文化的知识分子无力拯救甚至无力面对落后的乡村,与乡村彻底决裂转而拥抱现代文明。带着对故乡的眷恋和对传统文化的不舍,贾平凹在2004年完成《秦腔》这部巨著,为乡土文化唱了一首“挽歌”,随着大规模农村人口向城市流动,乡村再也不复往昔,人口凋零、经济破败、道德败坏,由于现代文明的侵蚀和传统文化固有的弊端,乡村的衰落成为必然,传统农耕的生活方式解体,传统文化消逝。但《秦腔》之后,乡村和农民都何去何从?时隔两年,贾平凹创造了一个理想化的“进城者”形象——刘高兴,在这个人物身上倾注自己的心血,为乡村和农民探寻光明和出路。
[Abstract]:This paper from Jia Pingwa in twentieth Century 80s "the Shangzhou series of novels, writers across the creation course of nearly thirty years, according to the time order of the characters in the novel series, characters brought the works reflect the" urbanization "of the urban and rural reform, based on the characters of different periods and the reality of" intertextuality "" beyond "analysis of the transition of the understanding of the relation between urban and rural areas as well as the manner. In 1980s, the country's reform and opening up policy has just been carried out, to reform the rural economy, the creation of this period before the novella" Luna >, < < > coop Wa people, the twelfth lunar month and January > the characters are relatively simple, with with a strong sense of the times, the author created two new image from the farmers, and the contradiction between urban and rural areas two groups of characters. Finally in 1986 the creation of "impetuous > summary 80s, As a new farmers leave and return summary of this period of rural reform, the author of this period to reform with a clear attitude, positive attitude, but also emerging in the process of reform interests, full of anxiety. Negative social phenomenon of corruption by 1990s, the city to speed up the process of reform, focus to rural areas city, market economy has changed the city people and rural people's way of life, but also changed the city people and rural people's mental state. This period appeared separate < > and < > and any night, the mental distress, Yelang "literati" image of Zhuang zhidie, also appeared. < > in Tumen to defend the image of farmers rural sacrifice the hero in his own righteousness, finally in 1998 < Gao > as the end of 90s, with "left - back - go" country intellectual home for the outcome of high road, no matter Is in the city or in the country, intellectuals can not find a spiritual home and a sense of identity, represents the traditional culture of intellectuals unable to save even unable to face behind the village, and the village broke an embrace of modern civilization. With the love of the homeland and the traditional culture of the shed, Jia Pingwa completed the opera < > work in 2004, sang a song called "Elegy" for the local culture, along with a large rural population flow into the city, the country no longer the past, population decline, economic dilapidated, moral hazard, because of the inherent drawbacks of erosion of modern civilization and traditional culture, the country has become an inevitable decline, the disintegration of the traditional farming way of life. The traditional culture of dies. But after the opera < >, the countryside and farmers after two years, Jia Pingwa decide on what path to follow? Create an ideal "city" image - Liu Gaoxing, in this man To pour out the blood of my heart and seek the light and the way out for the countryside and the peasants.

【学位授予单位】：西安外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.42

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