仙道文化的革新与升华——论金元诗词的内丹心性学说

发布时间：2018-01-04 10:06

本文关键词：仙道文化的革新与升华——论金元诗词的内丹心性学说　出处：《中华文化论坛》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：随着道教的发展,传统外丹道术的炼丹耗资大、金丹毒深致命等问题逐渐为世人所注视,并突显成为道教长足发展的一大阻碍。金元全真教一改传统道教"假借外物以自坚固"的外丹修道观念,倡导内丹炼养,以"先性后命"为修行理路,与内丹南宗相并立,并把内丹理论归结为"识心见性"的心性仙学,大大提升了中国仙道文化的哲理内涵。全真内丹心性修炼把道教从外丹修行的困境中解脱出来,并为道教的发展指明了新的方向。和传统外丹术相比,全真内丹心性修炼在理论上更加趋于精微,在实证上更加便捷,且具有诸多世俗效用,因而具有广泛的普适性。全真教的这一内丹倡导与心性仙学在金元全真诗词中有着清晰的展现,因而成为全真诗词的一大宗教文化主题。
[Abstract]:With the development of Taoism, the traditional alchemy of Waidan Taoism cost a lot of money, and the problem of deep fatality of golden erysipelas has been paid more and more attention to by the people of the world. It has become a major obstacle to the rapid development of Taoism. Jin and Yuan Quan Zhen taught and changed the traditional Taoist concept of "using foreign materials as self-strengthening", advocating the cultivation of inner Dan, and taking "the first nature before the life" as the way of spiritual practice. In parallel with Nantan, the theory of Nandan is reduced to the immortals of the mind and the mind, which is called "knowing the mind and seeing the nature". It has greatly enhanced the philosophical connotation of Chinese immortality culture. The all-true inner Dan spiritual practice freed Taoism from the dilemma of outside Dan practice, and pointed out a new direction for the development of Taoism, compared with the traditional Waidan technique. The whole true inner Dan mind practice is more sophisticated in theory, more convenient in empirical, and has a lot of secular effect. Therefore, it has a wide universality. This inner Dan advocacy of Quanzhen religion and the spirit of immortals are clearly displayed in the poetry of Quan Zhen in Jin and Yuan dynasties, and thus become a major religious and cultural theme of Quanzhen poetry.
【作者单位】：贵州师范学院文学院;广西民族大学文学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“金元全真诗词研究”(项目编号:15XZW023)成果
【分类号】：I207.2
【正文快照】： 道教自东汉末年产生以来就以成真证仙为修道目的。而在对待跨越仙凡、得道成仙的态度上,在道教的发展历程中形成了两种不同的仙道观念:一是期待仙人度化,进而形体飞升的外求观念。二是“我命在我不在天”,自证仙道的自了观念。而与之相应,亦有两种不同的修行道术。一为借助外

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