钱谷融文学思想研究（1949-1966）

发布时间：2018-02-10 18:42

  本文关键词： 钱谷融 十七年 文学是人学 人道主义 散淡人生　出处：《华东师范大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高寿的钱谷融先生,历经岁月沧桑与无尽坎坷,依然秉持一种独特的风姿与情怀,悠然徜徉于寥廓宁静的生命之湖,举手投足间尽显“散淡人生”。钱谷融在中国当代文学和文艺理论等领域均有卓越奉献,其《论“文学是人学”》、《雷雨人物谈》等篇章已成为学术史上的不朽经典。钱谷融的生命历程大致可分作三段：建国前的早年生活；十七年(1949—1966)时期生活；新时期的晚年生活。三段里,承上启下的十七年应为钱谷融生命历程中最重要一环,既承续了早年的心灵密码,又波及晚年的为人处世。若欲深刻理解钱谷融,须充分重视十七年时期。职是之故,论文将主要聚焦于钱谷融的十七年生活,旨在探寻其人道主义文学思想的生成与发展。论文试图以钱谷融文艺思想生成发展之脉络为序,以参与的重要论争和文艺思想发生演变的关节点为视窗,揭示他的人道主义文学思想的生成与理论贡献。本论文共由六章构成：第一章主要论述1949年前钱谷融的文学活动。首先论述了中国传统文化对钱谷融的影响,然后分析了钱谷融受到的西方文化影响,最后具体论述了钱谷融的唯美主义文学思想,并分析了其产生的原因。第二章主要论述钱谷融在1949年——1956年的文学活动。到了1950年代,在新的时代语境中,钱谷融经过革大的政治学习和翻译苏联文论,其“人学”思想逐步成熟,写出了具有独特性风格的两篇文学批评《人物分析——以(林家铺子为例》和《“不能走那条路”》,为《论“文学是人学”》宏文的出现进行了有益的探索。第三章主要分析钱谷融的“文学是人学”理论。钱谷融的《论“文学是人学”》的发表经历了较为曲折的道路。“文学是人学”理论有丰富的审美内涵,在当时的语境中取得了重大的突破,比如反对工具论,维护具体的人性人情等等。但由于其观点的不合时宜,遭到了大规模的政治批判,钱谷融在巨大的社会压力之下,努力坚持自我的学术观点。“文学是人学”理论不仅在当时具有超越意义,而且在当下以及未来都有长久的生命力。第四章主要论述钱谷融的《雷雨)人物谈》。《雷雨人物谈》的产生有着复杂的原因,充满了坎坷的命运。《雷雨人物谈》的出现却与“文学是人学”一样,受到了不公正的待遇,遭遇无情的猛烈批判。虽然如此,这批文学批评却对构建中国文艺学有着巨大的启示意义,其本身也成为了中国文学理论历史上的一篇经典之作。此文当时文坛独步,影响至深,其独特的评析方法亦曾沾溉无数后学。第五章主要分析钱谷融的《不可无“我”》这篇文章。笔者以为此文接续了中国文论的关于“我”与文学之关系探讨的理论。从钱谷融的文艺思想体系来看,“不可无‘我’”与“文学是人学”理论有着内在的相通之处,但与此同时又深化和拓展了“人学”理论。“不可无‘我’”有丰富的审美内涵,不仅在当时超越了以阶级分析法为主的文学理念,而且也开启了新时期80年代的关于文学主体性的大讨论,在当下也有抵制工具论的作用,为人的悲剧处境开辟一条理想道路。第六章分析阐述钱谷融的“十七年”文学思想在新时期文学中的延伸与拓展。钱谷融的“文学是人学”理论命题,在新时期80年代初的人道主义大讨论中得以重新发现与确立。之后,“文学是人学”理论命题经过文艺界对文学主体性与人文精神大讨论之后获得了学界的广泛共识,并成为新时期文学观念革新的所借助的重要理论话语资源之一。“文学是人学”理论命题有着严谨的逻辑系统和深刻的内涵,所以在新时期被无数的学者所提及与研究,从而延续与拓展了“文学是人学”理论命题的学术生命力。其中,“文学是人学”理论命题的重要拓展是学者讨论其文艺生态学价值和“文学是情学”理论命题的提出。
[Abstract]:In the Qian Gurong, after years of vicissitudes and endless frustrations, still uphold the grace and feelings of a unique, leisurely stroll in the boundless quiet life of the lake, behavior show "light of life". In Chinese Qian Gurong s remarkable dedication of contemporary literature and literary theory and other fields, the "on" Literature is humanism "> >, < thunderstorm on characters and other chapters have become immortal classic academic history. Life history of Qian Gurong s can be divided into three sections: before the founding of the early life; seventeen years (1949 - 1966) during the period of life; in the new period of life. The three period of seventeen years for connecting zenitani melting the most important part of life, not only inherits the early and later spread mind password, Weirenchushi. For a deeper understanding of Qian Gurong, we must pay full attention to the seventeen years period. Therefore, this paper will mainly focus on Qian Gurong s seventeen In life, in order to explore the formation and development of the humanitarian ideas of literature. This paper tries to make the development of Qian Gurong s literary thought venation order, with important debates and literary thoughts in the joint evolution of the window, revealing his humanism literature thought formation and theoretical contribution of this paper consists of six chapters. Composition: the first chapter mainly discusses 1949 Qian Gurong s literary activities. First discusses the Chinese traditional culture influence on Qian Gurong s analysis, then the influence of western culture by Qian Gurong s, finally discusses Qian Gurong s aestheticism literature thought, and analyzes its causes. The second chapter mainly discusses the economic and financial 1949 - 1956 literature activities. By 1950s, in the context of the new era, after the Ottawa Qian Gurong s political study and translation of Soviet literary theories, the "human" thought gradually Well, write two articles of literary criticism has a unique style of "character analysis -- a case of the store (> and <" can't go down that road "> as" on "literature is human > macro text appears a useful exploration. The third chapter mainly analyzes Qian Gurong s" literature is the study of man "theory. The theory of" Qian Gurong s "literature is human" published more experienced a tortuous road. "Literature is the study of man" theory has rich aesthetic connotation, in the context of significant breakthroughs, such as the tool against the specific maintenance theory, human nature and so on. But from its point of view from massive be inopportune or inappropriate, political criticism, Qian Gurong s under the great social pressure, to adhere to the self academic point of view. "Literature is human theory at that time not only has significance beyond, and in the moment and in the future will have a long life. The four chapter mainly discusses Qian Gurong s < thunderstorm) on characters of >.< thunderstorm > have on characters of complex reasons, there is full of fate. "But with the thunderstorm on characters of" literature is human, injustice, encountered fierce criticism. Although such ruthless. This group of literary criticism is to construct Chinese literature is of great significance, which itself has become a China literary theory in the history of a classic. The literary world at that time alone, deep impact, its unique analysis method has also been countless followers. Upon the analysis of Qian Gurong s < no "I" > this article to the fifth chapter. The author thinks that the continued China literary theory about "I" to explore the relationship between literature and theory. From Qian Gurong s literary ideology, "not" I "" and "literature is the study of man" theory has inherent The similarities, but at the same time to deepen and expand the "Humanistic" theory. "Not" I "" has rich aesthetic connotation, not only at the time to go beyond the class analysis of literary theory, but also ushered in a new period of 80s on the subjectivity of literature's discussion, also have to resist on the role of tools in the moment, open up a road for the ideal human tragedy situation. The sixth chapter analyzes the extension and expansion of Qian Gurong s "seventeen years" literature in the new period literature. Qian Gurong s "literature is human theory proposition, to found and established in the new humanism discussion during the early 80s. After that," literature is the "theory of literary and art circles of literary proposition by subjectivity and Discussion on humanistic spirit has been the consensus of the academic and literary ideas, become the reform in the new period One of the most important theoretical resources. "Literature is human theory propositions have a rigorous logic system and profound connotation, so in the new era has been mentioned numerous scholars and research, in order to continue and expand the" literature is human theory academic vitality. Among them, the "literature is an important development of human science" the theoretical proposition is scholars discuss its literary ecology value and literature is the learning situation of "put forward the theoretical proposition.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：I206.7
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本文编号：1501178