明代人物诗传之叙事

发布时间：2018-03-09 20:41

本文选题：人物诗传　切入点：互文性　出处：《文学评论》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：明代人物诗传提供了新的文学质素,并且拓展了诗歌叙事的功能与题材。从质素来看,它是诗体的人物传记,而非传统常规的人物题咏;从题材来看,它是专为某个人立传,而非因人纪事或以事写人。它有诗歌的基本特性,抒情言志并含蓄凝练;又有传记的主要特性,叙事写实而详略得体。这样就会产生互文性意涵,亦即通常所说的话语间性。其话语间性的产生,有两重理据与来源:(一)从文本内的互文性来看,它既有传记的叙事特性,又具备诗歌的抒情特性,故为一种混合交融性状。(二)从文类间的互文性来看,人物诗传所含话语间性,须缘于诗歌与传记之历史遇合,而非出自二体简单机械地叠加。恰好从明代中期开始,出现了两种文学现象:一是人物题咏的热潮空前高涨,将人物生平事迹诉诸诗意表达。二是人物传记的编写空前冗滥,导致传记文类的叙事特质流失。随着传记叙事敝败之极,就自然会接引诗体叙事的救济;而诗歌叙事功能的增强,也恰能补给传记叙事性之缺失。这样诗歌与传记就历史性地遇合了,使分化已久的抒情、叙事传统交汇,从而生产出一个特殊的文学品种,展示了近世中国文学的返祖现象。
[Abstract]:The poetry biography of characters in the Ming Dynasty provided a new literary quality and expanded the function and theme of poetic narration. From the quality point of view, it was a biography of the poetic style, rather than a traditional theme of characters, and from the perspective of the subject matter, it was dedicated to the biography of a certain person. It has the basic characteristics of poetry, expressing its feelings and its implicature; it also has the main characteristics of biographies, the narration is realistic and appropriate, and it produces intertextuality. In other words, intertextuality, which is usually called intertextuality, has two justifications and sources: (1) from the perspective of intertextuality in the text, it has both the narrative characteristics of biographies and the lyrical characteristics of poetry. Therefore, it is a mixed blending trait. (2) from the perspective of intertextuality between literary categories, the intertextuality of poetry biography of characters must be due to the historical coincidence of poetry and biography, not from the simple and mechanical superposition of two types. There are two kinds of literary phenomena: one is the unprecedented upsurge of the theme of the characters, and the other is the poetic expression of the characters' life stories, the second is the unprecedented redundancy in the preparation of the biographies, which leads to the loss of the narrative characteristics of the biographies. With the decline of the narrative of the biographies, On the other hand, the relief of poetic narrative will be accepted naturally, and the enhancement of narrative function of poetry can also supply the lack of narrative nature of biography. Thus, poetry and biographies will meet in a historic way, making the long-divided lyric and narrative tradition intertwine. Thus a special literary variety was produced, showing the atavistic phenomenon of modern Chinese literature.
【作者单位】：上海大学文学院;
【基金】：2015年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国诗歌叙事传统研究”(项目编号15ZDB067) 2013年度国家社会科学基金重点资助项目(编号13AZD046)“明代作家专题研究”阶段性成果
【分类号】：I207.22

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