欧阳修公文文体研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 08:15

本文选题：欧阳修 + 公文　；参考：《江苏师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国古代,文体的另一指称是体貌。体貌之“体”,有时指作品之全貌,情辞事义、境界格调种种因素构成的作品的整体体貌特征;有时则指仅作品体貌之某一方面;有时指某一位作者作品之体貌特征;有时泛论作品体貌之某种类型;有时则指某一时期创作之总体风貌。研究一位作者作品之体貌特征,不仅能够了解具体文体的特点,还能够了解作者于该文体又具备何种个人风格。欧阳修是一位集多重身份于一身的文坛领袖,在文学、政治、经学等方面的成就都都很高。学术界更多的将眼光聚焦在对欧阳修散文和诗词的研究上,忽视了欧阳修在实用性文体尤其是公文方面的成绩。欧阳修的公文,不仅是数量还是质量,都达到了作为研究对象的要求。欧阳修擅长破体为文,打破骈体化的四六文写作方式,创造出散文化的四六文写作形式,这一创造直接改变了宋代公文的写作方式和公文的特点。欧阳修在古文运动中进行破体为文的实践,使得公文的写作句式更加灵活自由,推动公文文风由浮靡铺排转变为质朴真实,增强了公文的实用性和说理性。西方关于文体的研究即“文体学”,源于古希腊的修辞学,主要指文章和文学的语言风格。但中国文艺学界结合形式美学的方法论拓宽了文体学研究的视角,但形式美学不是单纯的形式研究,而是通过形式研究内容。公文有其特定的写作规范,欧阳修要在规范内进行写作。但古代公文又有不同于现代公文的方面,古代公文可以体现作者的情感倾向和价值取向,不同作家也有其强烈的行文风格。欧阳修致仕多年,且是一位有远大抱负的政客。在军事、外交、吏治和民生等事件上都投以密切的关注,写了很多公文。为了使受众接纳自己的观点,欧阳修谨循公文书写规范,议论说理丝丝入扣,分条缕析,立足于现实,使用应用性强、简洁且平易见精的语言,于平直质朴的语言中爆发强烈的情感。每一种文体都承担了其特定的任务,即每一种文体都有其功能,而这些功能则是该文体与其他文体区别开的根本。公文作为政务活动中的重要信息载体,所以在政务活动中发挥着举足轻重的作用,欧阳修的公文也不外乎与此,发挥着收集和反馈政务信息、推动政策法令的实施与推广、实现政治教化等功能。且欧阳修的公文包含着欧阳修以天下为己任、嫉恶如仇等情感价值取向,其公文中流露出来的这些情感,对当时的文坛和社会都产生了很大影响。欧阳修将诗写作的精髓融入到散文的创作中,所以欧阳修的公文又具有很强的审美性,他的公文在文风上具有平正雅洁、柔婉清丽、质朴平达、条顺舒畅、容与简易和洗练自然的特点,这些特点都给人以美的享受。
[Abstract]:In ancient China, another reference to style was physical appearance. The "body" of the body sometimes refers to the overall features of the work composed of the whole picture of the work, the meaning of emotion and the style of the realm; sometimes it refers to only one aspect of the body of the work; sometimes it refers to the physical feature of the work of a certain author; Sometimes a general discussion of a certain type of work, sometimes refers to a period of time the overall style of creation. Studying the features of a writer's works can not only understand the characteristics of the specific style, but also understand the author's personal style in the style. Ouyang Xiu is a multi-identity literary leader with great achievements in literature, politics, classics and so on. The academic circles focus more on the study of Ouyang Xiu prose and poetry, ignoring the achievements of Ouyang Xiu in practical style, especially in official documents. Ouyang Xiu documents, not only the quantity or quality, have met the requirements of the research object. Ouyang Xiu is good at breaking the style of writing, breaking the parallel style of writing, and creating the writing form of prose culture. This creation has directly changed the writing style of official documents and the characteristics of official documents in the Song Dynasty. The practice of Ouyang Xiu in the ancient prose movement, which makes the writing of official documents more flexible and free, promotes the style of official documents to change from overflowing to plain and real, and enhances the practicability and rationality of official documents. Stylistic studies in the West, derived from the rhetoric of ancient Greece, mainly refer to the language style of articles and literature. However, the methodology of formal aesthetics in Chinese literature and art has widened the perspective of stylistic research, but formal aesthetics is not a pure formal study, but through formal research content. The official document has its specific writing specification, Ouyang Xiu should write in the specification. However, ancient official documents are different from modern documents. Ancient documents can reflect the author's emotional tendency and value orientation, and different writers also have their strong style of writing. Mr Ouyang Xiu is an aspiring politician for many years. In the military, foreign affairs, officials and people's livelihood and other matters of close attention, wrote a lot of official documents. In order to allow the audience to accept their views, Ouyang Xiu would like to follow the official document writing standard, discuss reasoning into the thread, analysis, based on reality, the use of strong, simple and easy to see the language, Strong emotions erupt in plain and plain language. Each style has its specific task, that is, each style has its function, and these functions are the basis of the difference between the style and other styles. As an important information carrier in government affairs activities, official documents play an important role in government affairs activities. The official documents of Ouyang Xiu also play a very important role in collecting and feedback government information and promoting the implementation and promotion of policies and decrees. To realize the functions of political education and so on. Ouyang Xiu's official documents contain the emotional value orientation of Ouyang Xiu, such as taking the world as his duty and being cynical. The emotion revealed in his official documents had a great influence on the literary world and the society at that time. Ouyang Xiu integrates the essence of poetic writing into the creation of prose, so Ouyang Xiu's official documents also have a strong aesthetic, his official documents in the style of flat, elegant, gentle and beautiful, plain and smooth, smooth and comfortable, The features of simplicity and nature, all of which give people the enjoyment of beauty.
【学位授予单位】：江苏师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I206.2

【参考文献】