中国怪异儿故事研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 07:31

本文选题：怪异儿 + 故事类型　；参考：《山西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：怪异儿故事是一类流传很广的民间童话故事,主人公出生方式奇特、形态不同常人、本领高强、聪明过人,故事充满神奇的幻想魅力,深受民众喜爱。此类故事有蛤蟆儿、枣核儿、牛儿、面人儿子等形象,围绕他们的出生、娶亲和历险展开情节,以获得幸福生活结束。本文以《中国民间故事集成》及《中国民间故事全集》中收录的怪异儿故事为依据,以类型学方法归纳分类,梳理出六种故事类型,通过对出生方式、神奇功能、流传分布等方面的研究,分析民间信仰、人生仪礼、传统伦理对故事基干的影响。六种类型有世界范围流传的“拇指汤姆”及“三个公主遇难”型故事,有中国流传的“十兄弟”与“神蛙丈夫”型故事,还有源自佛经的本生故事“变形男孩”,各故事类型融合民族化风俗特点及特色母题,使故事情节丰富,表现多样。怪异儿从拇指、膝盖、动物、植物中出生,或者由父母吞物、梦兆、祈愿生出,出生方式十分奇特,寄托无子之家对孩子的殷切期盼,同时潜藏着人们对于生育的神奇想象,反映了人们朴素的天人观念、生殖观念和民间信仰。他们出生后有超乎常人的功能和智慧。蛤蟆儿大哭大笑能撼动天地、寻物识宝完成娶亲的难题考验;牛儿的历险生活数次起死转生、有无形力量庇佑;拇指儿机敏灵巧,智斗县官恶霸。由动物形态变化为人形,神奇力量逐渐消解,人的特性和力量崛起。民间故事与民众生活密不可分,人们以象征生殖力或有求子内涵的动植物建构怪异儿形象,以成年礼、婚礼的仪式内容增饰故事情节。故事中怪异儿的历险生死考验类似于成年礼“拟死而生”的象征,难题求婚则印证了婚礼中刁难女婿的习俗,动物脱皮变人的“变形与脱魔”恰如改换服饰的仪式象征。另外,传统的生育观念与男女性别观念也深刻影响怪异儿故事,凸显了男性在社会经济生活的主体地位。
[Abstract]:The strange child story is a kind of popular folk fairy tale, the protagonist is born in a strange way, the form is different, the ability is high, the intelligence is excellent, the story is full of magic fantasy charm, deeply loved by the people. Such stories include images of toad, jujube, ox, and son of a face man, around their birth, marriage, and adventure, in order to end their happy life. Based on the strange children's stories collected in "Chinese Folk Story Integration" and "Chinese Folk Story complete works", this paper summarizes and classifies six kinds of stories by typology. This paper analyzes the influence of folk belief, ritual of life and traditional ethics on the story base. There are six types of stories of "Tom thumb" and "three princesses in distress" around the world, the stories of "Ten Brothers" and "Frog husband" in China, and the "Transfiguration Boy" story, which is derived from the Buddhist sutras. Each story type merges the national custom characteristic and the characteristic motif, causes the story plot to be rich, the performance is diverse. Strange children are born in thumbs, knees, animals, plants, or swallowed by their parents, dream omens, wish to be born, birth in a very strange way, the fervent expectations of children in childless homes, and the magical imagination of people about fertility. Reflects people's simple concept of heaven and man, reproductive concept and folk beliefs. They are born with extraordinary functions and wisdom. Toads cry and laugh can shake the world, find things to complete the difficult test of marriage; oxen's adventure life several times to die reincarnation, with invisible power to protect; thumbs clever, smart fight county officials bully. Changing from animal form to human form, magical power gradually dissolves, and man's characteristics and power rise. Folk stories are closely related to people's life. People construct strange images of children with animals and plants that symbolize fertility or have the connotation of seeking children, and add the story plot to the ceremonial contents of the rites of adulthood and weddings. The adventure and death test of the strange child in the story is similar to the symbol of the rite of adulthood "to die and live," and the difficult marriage proposal confirms the custom of making a son-in-law difficult at a wedding, and the "transformation and demoralization" of an animal is like a ceremonial symbol of changing clothes. In addition, the traditional conception of birth and the concept of gender also deeply influence the story of strange children, highlighting the dominant position of men in social and economic life.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：I207.7

【参考文献】