精神分裂症主要照顾者心理困扰与自尊、病耻感的相关性

发布时间：2018-04-01 21:38

本文选题：精神分裂症　切入点：照顾者　出处：《山东大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的：了解精神分裂症主要照顾者的心理困扰状况,探讨该群体的心理困扰与自尊及病耻感之间的关系,为提升照顾者的心理健康水平,提高照顾质量提供新思路。方法：方便抽取山东省某精神卫生中心精神分裂症患者主要照顾者125名进行问卷调查。使用一般资料调查表采集被试的基本信息。K10量表、Link病耻感量表和自尊量表分别用来评估照顾者的心理困扰、病耻感和自尊水平。本次发放150份问卷,回收125份,有效回收率为83.3%。运用SPSS20.0统计软件进行数据的录入、整理和统计分析,统计方法包括t检验、单因素方差分析、Pearson相关分析和分层回归分析。结果：1.精神分裂症主要照顾者的一般人口社会学特征本研究共纳入125名研究对象,其中年龄在31～50岁者居多,已婚者占总人数的84.0%,职业多是农民或职员,经济状况一般者占总人数的63.2%,大多数为患者的父母,其次是配偶,患者病程多在1年及以上2.精神分裂症主要照顾者的心理困扰得分在人口社会学变量上的差异主要照顾者K10的平均分为(19.54±6.34),得分在16分及以者占总人数的70.4%。单因素分析结果显示,心理困扰在主要照顾者的年龄、经济状况、照顾时间上有显著差异(P0.05)。年龄在31～50岁的照顾者的心理困扰水平最低,经济状况越好者心理困扰水平越低,照顾患者时间在1年及以上者的心理困扰水平高于照顾患者1年以下者。3.精神分裂症主要照顾者的病耻感、自尊和心理困扰的相关性病耻感的平均分为(2.34+0.44),58.4%的主要照顾者病耻感平均分低于2.5分。自尊的平均分为(30.23+3.99)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,病耻感与心理困扰呈正相关(r=0.36,P0.01),自尊与心理困扰呈负相关(r=-0.41,P0.01)。4.精神分裂症主要照顾者心理困扰的回归分析以主要照顾者的心理困扰为因变量,病耻感和自尊作为自变量,控制一般人口学因素对心理困扰的影响后进行分层回归分析。分析结果显示,主要照顾者的病耻感可以直接预测他们的心理困扰水平(β＝0.325,P0.001),单独解释主要照顾者心理困扰9.9%的变异量。自尊可以负向预测主要照顾者的心理困扰(β＝-0.307,P0.001),单独解释其7.9%的变异量。另外,纳入自尊后,主要照顾者的病耻感对心理困扰的影响作用减弱(β＝0.272,P=0.001),说明自尊作为保护性因素可以减轻病耻感对心理困扰的不良影响。结论：1.精神分裂症主要照顾者心理困扰的发生率较高,是一个值得关注的群体。2.精神分裂症主要照顾者的心理困扰受多种因素影响。病耻感是心理困扰的危险性因素,自尊是心理困扰的保护性因素。3.本研究结果提示医务工作者应加强对低自尊以及高病耻感的精神分裂症主要照顾者的关注,采取合适的干预措施,帮助他们降低病耻感,增加自尊水平,从而减轻他们的心理困扰水平,提高照顾质量。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the psychological distress of the main caregivers of schizophrenia, and to explore the relationship between psychological distress, self-esteem and stigma, so as to provide a new way to improve the mental health of caregivers and improve the quality of care.Methods: a questionnaire survey was conducted among 125 primary caregivers of schizophrenia patients in a mental health center in Shandong Province.The basic information of the subjects was collected by general information questionnaire. K10 / Link scale and self-esteem scale were used to assess the psychological distress, stigma and self-esteem of caregivers.150 questionnaires were distributed and 125 were recovered. The effective recovery rate was 83.3%.The statistical methods include t test, single factor ANOVA Pearson correlation analysis and stratified regression analysis.The result is 1: 1.The general demographic and sociological characteristics of the main caregivers of schizophrenia in this study, 125 subjects were included in this study. Most of them were aged 31 to 50 years old, the married people accounted for 84.0% of the total, and most of them were farmers or clerks.The average economic status accounted for 63.2% of the total, most of them were the parents of the patients, followed by their spouses, the course of disease of the patients was more than one year and more than 2. 5%.The difference of psychological distress scores of main caregivers in demographic and sociological variables the average score of K10 of caregivers was 19.54 卤6.34, with a score of 16 and 70.4% of the total population.The results of univariate analysis showed that psychological distress had significant differences in age, economic status and care time of the main caregivers (P 0.05).The psychological distress level of carers aged 31 to 50 years old was the lowest, and that of those with better economic condition was lower. The psychological distress level of those who cared for patients for more than one year was higher than that of those who cared for patients for less than one year.The average score of ill shame of the main caregivers of schizophrenia and the correlation between self-esteem and psychological distress was 2.34 0.44 / 58.4% and the average score of the main caregivers was less than 2.5.The average score of self-esteem was 30.23 3.99).Pearson correlation. The results showed that there was a positive correlation between stigma and psychological distress, and a negative correlation between self-esteem and psychological distress, and a negative correlation between self-esteem and psychological distress.The regression analysis of the psychological distress of the main caregivers of schizophrenia took the psychological distress of the main caregivers as dependent variables, and the sense of shame and self-esteem as independent variables. After controlling the influence of general demographic factors on psychological distress, stratified regression analysis was carried out.The results showed that the stigma of the main caregivers could directly predict their psychological distress level (尾 -0.325% P 0.001), and the variation of the psychological distress of the main caregivers could be explained by 9.9% alone.Self-esteem can negatively predict the psychological distress of the main caregivers (尾 -0.307, P 0.001), and explain alone its variation of 7.9%.In addition, after the inclusion of self-esteem, the effect of ill shame of the main caregivers on psychological distress was weakened (尾 0.272 P0. 001), which indicated that self-esteem as a protective factor could alleviate the adverse effect of ill shame on mental distress.Conclusion 1.The prevalence of mental distress among the main caregivers of schizophrenia is high, and it is a concern group. 2. 2.The psychological distress of the main caregivers of schizophrenia is affected by many factors.Stigma is the risk factor of psychological distress, self-esteem is the protective factor of psychological distress.The results of this study suggest that medical workers should pay more attention to the main caregivers of schizophrenia with low self-esteem and high stigma, and take appropriate intervention measures to help them reduce their stigma and increase their self-esteem.In order to alleviate their psychological distress level, improve the quality of care.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R473.74

【引证文献】