一种指环型动态血压测量方法研究及系统实现

发布时间：2018-05-07 23:41

本文选题：动态血压 + 示波法　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：血压即为血管血液作用在血管壁上的压强,是反映人体心血管系统的首要参数,在临床病情诊断中有着非常重要的意义。血压可以实时反映人体的健康状况,但是它也非常容易受到外界诸如运动、睡眠和心理活动等因素的干扰,进而影响到偶测血压的测量结果。而近些年逐渐流行的动态血压(ABPM)监测系统,可以很好的避免因偶测血压所产生的问题。ABPM是一种可以间隔15~30分钟自动连续监测患者24小时的血压变化的动态监测医疗设备,它能够将监测数据处理得到的患者的24小时血压变化曲线提供医护人员分析判断当前患者的血压状况。相比于传统的电子血压计,动态血压监测具有很巨大的突破。但是通过对现有产品的调研,最终得到结论需要设计一款指环型的动态血压监测系统,是因为现有产品的一些缺陷:准确度方面,基于示波法的原理性方面的缺陷,动态血压监测这种方式测量结果的准确性有待提高;测量方式方面,传统使用袖带测量血压的方式,这种方式会产生不舒适感也会影响到患者夜间的睡眠情况,增加患者血压测量偏差;测量时间方面,现有设备的测量时间一般为40~50s,而过长的测量时间有更大的可能使血压测量时受到外界干扰。为了解决现有动态血压监测产品的缺陷,文中设计开发了一款指环型动态血压测量系统。主要工作内容如下:(1)改进脉搏波测量方法和血压计算算法。通过文中分析多种拟合曲线的算法,最终对比算法结果而选择高斯拟合算法对一组脉搏波的峰值点进行曲线包络拟合。然后使用改进的变幅度系数算法,由高斯拟合曲线确定计算比例系数,提高测量结果的准确性和个体性。(2)研究讨论一种指动脉血压重建到肱动脉血压的方法。首先使用上述的方法得到患者指动脉血压结果;然后再使用回流校准方法,选择最优的压力梯度失真校准方式,分别校准脉搏波的传导失真和压力梯度失真;最后,重建为医疗标准的肱动脉血压数据,并对比验证。(3)改进测量方式。本文选择一种在气路升压过程中进行测量的快速血压测量方法,重点研究解决气泵影响测量精度的问题,这种测量方式会大大减少测量时间。(4)完善指环型动态血压监测系统设计。通过增加一些成熟应用模块,让此系统的使用更加智能、易用。比如加速度监测模块可以自动监测患者睡眠状态、自动监测患者活动状态,蓝牙模块可以自动连接主机上传数据等等。此外本文还通过实际测量验证了该系统的准确性和重复性,对比Finapres设备检测得到的血压测量偏差,测得的平均结果差异低于3mmHg,说明研制的系统符合设计要求。
[Abstract]:Blood pressure is the pressure of blood acting on the wall of blood vessel, which is the first parameter to reflect the cardiovascular system of human body. It is very important in the diagnosis of clinical condition. Blood pressure can reflect the health status of human body in real time, but it is also easily disturbed by external factors such as movement, sleep and psychological activities, and then affects the results of occasional blood pressure measurement. The ABPM-based ambulatory blood pressure monitoring system, which has become popular in recent years, can well avoid the problems caused by occasional blood pressure measurements. ABPM is a kind of dynamic monitoring medical device that can automatically monitor the changes of blood pressure of patients for 24 hours at intervals of 1530 minutes. It can analyze and judge the current patient's blood pressure by analyzing the 24 hour blood pressure curve obtained from monitoring data processing. Compared with the traditional electronic sphygmomanometer, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring has a great breakthrough. But through the investigation of the existing products, it is concluded that it is necessary to design a ring type ambulatory blood pressure monitoring system because of the defects of the existing products: the accuracy, the principle based on the oscillographic method. The accuracy of the results of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring needs to be improved. In terms of measuring methods, the traditional way of using cuff to measure blood pressure will create discomfort and affect the sleeping condition of patients at night. In the aspect of measuring time, the measuring time of the existing equipment is generally 40 ~ 50 s, but the longer measuring time is more likely to cause the external interference in the blood pressure measurement. In order to solve the defects of the current ambulatory blood pressure monitoring products, a ring type ambulatory blood pressure measurement system is designed and developed in this paper. The main work is as follows: 1) improved pulse wave measurement method and blood pressure calculation algorithm. By analyzing various algorithms of fitting curves and comparing the results of the algorithms, Gao Si fitting algorithm is chosen to fit the peak points of a group of pulse waves. Then using the improved variable amplitude coefficient algorithm, the proportion coefficient is determined by Gao Si fitting curve to improve the accuracy and individuality of the measured results.) A method for reconstruction of finger artery blood pressure to brachial artery blood pressure is discussed. First, we use the above method to get the results of the patient's digital artery blood pressure; then, using the reflux calibration method, we choose the optimal pressure gradient distortion calibration method to calibrate the pulse wave conduction distortion and the pressure gradient distortion respectively. Finally, The brachial artery blood pressure data were reconstructed to a medical standard and compared with validation. In this paper, a rapid blood pressure measurement method is chosen to measure the pressure in the process of air pressure rise, and the problem that the air pump affects the measurement accuracy is studied. This method can greatly reduce the measurement time. 4) improve the design of ring-based ambulatory blood pressure monitoring system. By adding some mature application modules to make the system more intelligent and easy to use. For example, acceleration monitoring module can automatically monitor patient sleep state, automatic monitoring patient activity state, Bluetooth module can automatically connect host to upload data and so on. In addition, the accuracy and repeatability of the system are verified by actual measurement. Compared with the deviation of blood pressure measured by Finapres equipment, the average difference is less than 3 mm Hg. it shows that the developed system meets the design requirements.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R443.5

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