甘肃省庆阳市人民医院细菌耐药性监测

发布时间：2018-05-28 02:05

本文选题：细菌耐药性监测 + 抗菌药物　；参考：《中国感染与化疗杂志》2016年03期

【摘要】：目的调查分析2014年甘肃省庆阳市人民医院临床分离菌的分布和耐药特征,为医院临床合理选用抗菌药物提供可靠依据。方法采用纸片扩散法(K-B法)和E试验法对分离菌株进行药敏试验,根据CLSI 2014年标准判定药敏结果,用WHONET5.6软件进行数据分析。结果 2014年1—12月该院共分离出非重复菌2 121株,其中革兰阴性菌1 565株,占73.8%;革兰阳性菌556株,占26.2%。前5位分离菌依次为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌(金葡菌)、鲍曼不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌。葡萄球菌中耐甲氧西林金葡菌(MRSA)和耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)检出率分别为44.6%和15.4%。大肠埃希菌和金葡菌分别居革兰阴性杆菌和革兰阳性球菌菌株数的首位。万古霉素和碳青霉烯类药物仍然是革兰阳性球菌和肠杆菌科细菌最敏感的药物。结论 2014年1—12月该院住院患者分离的细菌以大肠埃希菌居首位,产ESBL的大肠埃希菌分离率较高,病原菌对多种抗菌药物的耐药率呈上升趋势。临床微生物室及感染管理科应继续加强细菌耐药监测,为临床合理选择用药提供参考依据。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate and analyze the distribution and drug resistance of clinical isolates in Qingyang people's Hospital of Gansu Province in 2014 so as to provide a reliable basis for the rational selection of antimicrobial agents. Methods the drug sensitivity test of isolated strains was carried out by using disk diffusion method (K-B method) and E test method. According to the CLSI 2014 criteria, the drug sensitivity results were determined, and the data were analyzed by WHONET5.6 software. Results from January to December 2014, 2 121 strains of non-repeat bacteria were isolated in our hospital, of which 1 565 were Gram-negative bacteria (73.8%), 556 were Gram-positive bacteria (26.2%). The first five isolates were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus), Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The positive rates of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococcus (MRCNS) were 44.6% and 15.4%, respectively. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were the first strains of Gram-negative bacilli and Gram-positive cocci, respectively. Vancomycin and carbapenems remain the most sensitive drugs for Gram-positive cocci and Enterobacteriaceae bacteria. Conclusion Escherichia coli was the first bacteria isolated in our hospital from January to December 2014. The isolation rate of Escherichia coli producing ESBL was higher and the resistance rate of pathogenic bacteria to various antibiotics was on the rise. The clinical microorganism room and infection management department should continue to strengthen the monitoring of bacterial drug resistance to provide reference for clinical rational choice of drug use.
【作者单位】：甘肃省庆阳市人民医院检验科;
【分类号】：R446.5

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