热环境对睡眠的影响

发布时间：2018-06-17 15:48

本文选题：热环境 + 睡眠质量　；参考：《暖通空调》2016年06期

【摘要】：通过对近50年研究文献的综述,系统梳理了热环境对睡眠影响的基本认识。寝具是热环境影响睡眠的重要因素,睡眠状态热中性温度与寝具总热阻成反比。寝具总热阻较小时,冷、热刺激均对睡眠有干扰,主要表现为觉醒时长增加,SWS(慢波睡眠)和REM(快速眼动)睡眠时长缩短,且冷刺激的干扰比热刺激强烈。通过被子和睡衣调整,睡眠质量可在较宽的低温范围内保持不变,对应的床气候热中性温度稳定。平均辐射温度和空气温度共同作用于床气候温度。高湿会进一步加强高温对睡眠的影响,气流可明显改善高温高湿下的睡眠质量。热刺激的影响集中在SWS为主的睡眠前半段,而冷刺激的影响集中在REM睡眠为主的睡眠后半段。小幅中性-冷变温可提高睡眠质量,小幅中性-热变温和大幅中性-热阶跃升温对睡眠无显著影响。通过热环境调节体核温度和皮肤温度对睡眠质量有一定影响。夏季比其他季节的睡眠质量差,较冷季节提高室内空气温度和平均辐射温度有助于睡眠,远端部位的皮肤温度与睡眠/清醒作息存在较好的对应关系。为进一步的研究提供了建议和方向。
[Abstract]:The basic understanding of the effect of thermal environment on sleep was systematically reviewed through the review of recent 50 years of research literature. Bedding is an important factor that the thermal environment affects sleep. The thermal neutral temperature of sleep state is inversely proportional to the total thermal resistance of bedding. When the total thermal resistance of bedding was small, cold and heat stimulation all interfered with sleep. The main manifestation was that the duration of SWS (slow wave sleep) and REM (rapid eye movement) was shortened, and the interference of cold stimulation was stronger than that of heat stimulation. By adjusting the quilts and pajamas, the sleep quality can be kept constant in a wide range of low temperatures, and the corresponding bed climate is stable in thermal neutral temperature. The average radiation temperature and the air temperature act together on the bed climate temperature. High humidity will further enhance the impact of high temperature on sleep, airflow can significantly improve the quality of sleep under high temperature and humidity. The effect of thermal stimulation was concentrated in the first half of sleep of SWS, while that of cold stimulation was mainly in the second half of sleep of REM sleep. Small neutral-cold temperature can improve sleep quality, while small neutral-thermal change and large-scale neutral-thermal step warming have no significant effect on sleep quality. The effect of body temperature and skin temperature on sleep quality is influenced by thermal environment. The sleep quality in summer is worse than that in other seasons, and the increase of indoor air temperature and average radiation temperature in cold season is helpful to sleep, and the skin temperature in the distal part has a good relationship with sleep / awake sleep. Suggestions and directions are provided for further study.
【作者单位】：华南理工大学亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室;
【分类号】：R740;TU111

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