北京某区医疗机构环境致病菌耐药性和消毒剂抗性研究

发布时间：2018-08-02 13:18

【摘要】：目的研究医疗机构内环境物体表面致病菌的耐药性和抗消毒剂状况。方法采用肉汤稀释法和药敏试验法,对医疗机构内物体表面分离的致病菌耐药性和抗消毒剂情况进行测定。结果共分离出病原菌63株,其中革兰阴性菌54株,占85.71%,革兰阳性菌9株,占14.29%。分离到的细菌以铜绿假单胞菌和阴沟肠杆菌为主,药敏结果显示分离到的细菌均存在不同程度的耐药。通过消毒剂抗性试验,发现对醋酸氯已定分离到的肠杆菌中16株(16/18,88.89%)抵抗力大于标准菌株,铜绿假单胞菌中16株(16/25,64.00%)的抵抗力高于标准菌株,葡萄球菌中4株(4/5,80%)高于标准菌株;对含氯消毒剂(三氯异氰尿酸)分离到的肠杆菌中9株(9/18,50.00%)抵抗力大于标准菌株,分离到的铜绿假单胞菌中12株(12/25,48.00%)的抵抗力高于标准菌株,葡萄球菌中2株(2/5,40.00%)高于标准菌株。结论环境致病菌存在耐药和对消毒剂抵抗现象,除了严格执行环境及医护人员手部消毒以外,还应定期进行环境致病菌耐药性和消毒剂抗性的监测,并针对不同科室制定合理的消毒方案,防止耐药菌及消毒剂抗性菌的播散。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the drug resistance and disinfectant status of surface pathogens of environmental objects in medical institutions. Methods the drug resistance and disinfectant of bacteria isolated on the surface of objects in medical institutions were determined by broth dilution method and drug sensitivity test. Results A total of 63 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated, of which 54 strains were Gram-negative bacteria (85.71%), 9 strains were Gram-positive bacteria (14.29%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter cloacae were the main bacteria isolated. The resistance test of disinfectant showed that the resistance of 16 strains (88.89%) of Enterobacter aeruginosa, 16 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (16 / 2564.00%) and 4 strains of Staphylococcus (4 / 580%) were higher than the standard strains. 9 strains (9 / 1850.00%) isolated with chlorinated disinfectant (trichloroisocyanuric acid) were more resistant than the standard strains, 12 strains (12 / 2548.00%) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were higher than the standard strains, and 2 strains (2 / 540.00%) of staphylococcus were higher than the standard strains. Conclusion there are drug resistance and resistance to disinfectants in environmental pathogenic bacteria. In addition to strictly enforcing the environment and hand disinfection of medical staff, the resistance of environmental pathogens and disinfectants should be monitored regularly. To prevent the spread of drug-resistant bacteria and disinfectant resistant bacteria, reasonable disinfection schemes were made for different departments.
【作者单位】：北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心;
【基金】：首都卫生发展科研专项(2011-7023-03)
【分类号】：R446.5

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