某医院感染病区2011—2015年临床分离病原菌及其耐药性

发布时间：2018-09-07 14:13

【摘要】：目的了解湘雅医院感染病区患者临床分离病原菌分布及其耐药性。方法回顾性分析该院2011—2015年感染病区患者临床分离病原菌的构成及药敏结果。结果 5年间共分离病原菌560株,其中革兰阳性菌247株(44.1%),革兰阴性菌313株(55.9%)。耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌分别占69.8%(81/116)和24.3%(9/37)。肠球菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺、磷霉素有较高的敏感性(敏感率81%)。肠杆菌科细菌对碳青霉烯类仍高度敏感(88.9%~100.0%),对阿米卡星、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦及哌拉西林/他唑巴坦的敏感性较高(敏感率84%)。分离的多重耐药菌主要为鲍曼不动杆菌,耐亚胺培南鲍曼不动杆菌检出率从2011年的50.0%上升至2015年的77.8%,对亚胺培南的耐药率为64.9%。结论感染病区临床分离病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主,多重耐药菌检出率呈上升趋势;应根据病原菌的分布及其耐药性,合理选择抗菌药物。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from patients with nosocomial infection in Xiangya hospital. Methods the clinical isolates of pathogenic bacteria from 2011 to 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Results A total of 560 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated during the five years, of which 247 were Gram-positive bacteria (44.1%), 313 were Gram-negative bacteria (55.9%). Methicillin-resistant coagulase negative staphylococci and Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 69.8% (81 / 116) and 24.3% (9 / 37), respectively. Enterococcus had high sensitivity to vancomycin, linazolamine and fosfomycin (sensitivity rate was 81%). Enterobacteriaceae bacteria were still highly sensitive to carbapenes (88.9%) and to amikacin, cefoperazone / sulbactam and piperacillin / tazobactam (sensitivity rate 84%). Acinetobacter baumannii was the main multidrug resistant bacterium isolated. The positive rate of imipenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii increased from 50.0% in 2011 to 77.8% in 2015, and the resistance rate to imipenem was 64.9%. Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogens isolated in the infected areas, and the detection rate of multidrug resistant bacteria is on the rise, and the antibiotics should be reasonably selected according to the distribution and drug resistance of the pathogens.
【作者单位】：中南大学湘雅医院;
【基金】：湖南省发改委(湘发改高技[2012]1493号)
【分类号】：R446.5

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