基于内容分析法对老年痴呆患者家庭护理定义的基本元素解析

发布时间：2018-09-07 19:47

【摘要】：目的探讨老年痴呆(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)患者家庭护理的概念,分析其中所涵盖的基本元素,为临床护理工作提供参考及指导。方法 2015年7-8月,通过检索1990-2015年中国生物医学文献服务系统、中国知网、万方医学网、医知网、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库和外文数据库Pubmed中有关老年AD患者家庭护理的文献,基于内容分析法对文献中有关老年AD患者家庭护理的定义,从研究对象、时间界定、地点、传播工具、主要目标及主要内容等6个方面进行分析,提炼出最能代表老年AD患者家庭护理内涵的要素。结果老年AD患者家庭护理模式中的研究对象包括患者本人和其家属或照护者;时间界定为AD患者出院后;地点一般在家中或在福利院或是各种养老机构中;其传播方式主要有科普书籍、电话、电脑及随访等;家庭护理的主要内容包括家庭饮食护理、家居安全指导、情绪开导、心理安慰、健康知识宣教、日常机体康复锻炼、预防长期卧床形成的并发症(如压疮、泌尿系统感染等)等;其主要目标是为提高AD患者治疗的依从性,使其获得最佳照护效果,以促进AD患者身心安全和舒适。结论相关部门应从我国国情出发,建立符合中国特色的老年AD患者家庭护理模式,优化老年AD患者家庭生活质量。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore the concept of home care for senile dementia (Alzheimer's disease,AD) patients, analyze the basic elements involved in it, and provide reference and guidance for clinical nursing work. Methods from July to August, 2015, China Biomedical Literature Service system, China knowledge Network, Wanfang Medical Network and Medical knowledge Network were searched from 1990 to 2015. Based on the content analysis of the definition of home care for elderly patients with AD in the full text database and foreign language database of Weipu Chinese Journal of Science and Technology (Pubmed), based on the content analysis of the definition of home care for elderly patients with AD, the research object, time and place were defined. The communication tools, main objectives and contents were analyzed to extract the most representative factors of home care for elderly patients with AD. Results the subjects in the family nursing model of elderly patients with AD included the patients themselves and their families or caregivers, the time was defined as the discharge of AD patients, the place was usually at home or in welfare institutions or in various pension institutions. The main methods of communication include popular science books, telephone, computer and follow-up, etc. The main contents of family nursing include family diet nursing, home safety guidance, emotional guidance, psychological comfort, health education, daily body rehabilitation exercise, etc. To prevent complications (such as pressure sore, urinary system infection, etc.) caused by long-term bed rest, the main goal is to improve the compliance of AD patients and obtain the best care effect, so as to promote the safety and comfort of patients with AD. Conclusion the relevant departments should set up the family nursing model of elderly AD patients with Chinese characteristics and optimize the quality of family life of the elderly patients with AD according to the situation of our country.
【作者单位】：华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院护理部;
【分类号】：R473.74

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