弯曲菌抗生素敏感性及遗传特征分析
[Abstract]:Campylobacter is the main cause of food-borne diseases. The common symptoms of Campylobacter are diarrhotic enteritis, usually self-care without the treatment of antibiotics, but the treatment of antibiotics is necessary for patients with low immunity, long course of disease and severe patients. The noonone and macrolides are commonly used drugs for clinical treatment of the bending diseases, however, the resistance of the bending bacteria to the important clinical common antibiotics is gradually increased, especially the drug resistance rate of the noonone is almost 100%, and the effectiveness of the clinical treatment is seriously affected, And the burden of the disease is increased. Campylobacter is a common pathogen of human, and its drug resistance is relatively complex. The use of antibiotics as feed additive in livestock and poultry culture and the irrational use of antibiotics will increase the drug resistance of the Campylobacter to some extent. In order to obtain the drug-resistant character and the changing trend of the strains in China, this study conducted the antibiotic sensitivity analysis of 858 strains of the Chinese strain which were stored in the laboratory, and the results showed that the strains of the Chinese strains were close to 95% of the high-resistance rate. The resistance rate of 12 kinds of antibiotics was compared with that of Campylobacter jejuni, and the resistance rate of Campylobacter coli to erythromycin and streptomycin was significantly higher than that of Campylobacter jejuni. The drug resistance rate of Campylobacter jejuni isolated from 1994 to 2013 showed that the resistance rate of Campylobacter jejuni in China increased with time, and the drug resistance trend was serious. This study provides data support for monitoring and guiding the clinical application of drug-resistant bending bacteria in China. At present, the resistance mechanism and gene level of Campylobacter jejuni have been identified from the molecular level, which is of great significance to the prevention and control of Campylobacter disease. The macrolide-resistant mechanisms that have been found are: targeted mutations (23S rRNA and ribosomal proteins L4 and L22), CmeC active efflux systems, and the latest reported ribosomal RNA methylase gene erB-mediated level transfer mechanism in 2013. In addition to macrolides and other types of macrolides, in the case of bacteremia and systemic infection, the amino-glycosides are often used as alternative drugs in severe infections, and therefore, the study of the drug-resistant mechanism of the amino-glycosides is also necessary. In this study, the 23S rRNA point mutation, the ribosomal RNA methylase gene erB screen and the 82.91% (131/158) of the 158 erythromycin resistant strains were screened to the A2075G site mutation of the 23S rRNA gene. 18.99% (30/158) were screened to the mB gene,9 of the 30 mB positive strains were known to be the type of the mB-related drug-resistant gene island,3 of the 3 strains had completed the whole genome sequencing and the drug-resistant island analysis, and the 8 strains were analyzed and the 10 strains were sequenced. The emergence of mB-associated drug-resistant gene and drug-resistant genes indicates that the Campylobacter may be a repository of drug-resistant genes and groups in the gut. The screening results of the drug-resistant gene of the strain show that the 23S rRNA gene A2075G mutation and the detection of the mB gene can obtain the drug resistance characteristic of the nearly 100% strain in China, so that the real-time PCR can be designed to test the stool sample of the clinical patient, and the drug resistance of the strain can be determined at the same time of the identification strain, So as to rapidly and effectively guide the clinical medication. The distribution of resistance-related aadE-sat4-apA-3-resistant gene cluster of 221 streptomycin-resistant strains was analyzed, and the positive rate was 10.86% (24/221). This study provides a theoretical basis for the study of the mechanism of drug resistance in the air and colon of our country, and provides the basis for the monitoring of the strain of the major drug-resistant strains in China. The gene typing has the advantages of high resolution, good repeatability, easy standardization and automation, and the like, MLST and other molecular typing techniques are widely used in the outbreak identification and trace analysis of food-borne pathogenic microorganisms. the MLST analysis technology of the bending bacteria has the advantages of high resolution, good repeatability, standardization of data, comparison and sharing with an international database, rapid and convenient operation, and the like, and the purpose of the research is to understand the presence or absence of a significant clone group of drug-resistant bending bacteria of different sources in China, if there is a genetic correlation between the resistant strains and the presence or absence of a special ST-type strain which is closely related to the human infection strain, The results showed that most of the diarrhea patients had similar genotype and drug resistance to the Campylobacter from the source of the chicken, and the drug-resistant strains did not form a significant colony distribution in the Campylobacter, and both ST6322 and ST1145 in the 158 strains of erythromycin-resistant strains contain the mB gene. It is suggested that the mB gene may be associated with the two ST types, and it is necessary to increase the number of the strains. The results obtained in this study will improve the monitoring of Campylobacter in China and have important significance for food safety in China.
【学位授予单位】:中国疾病预防控制中心
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:R446.5
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