轮式装载机节能液压系统设计及控制策略研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 05:19

本文关键词：轮式装载机节能液压系统设计及控制策略研究　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：轮式装载机因动作灵活、对工作环境要求低、单次装卸量大而被广泛应用于工程领域,但作为典型的高能耗工程车辆在节能减排的大背景下受到广泛关注,轮式装载机的转向及工作装置液压系统因能量利用率较低而成为节能研究的重点。节能的目的不仅仅在于提高能量利用率,更重要的意义在于取得一系列降低使用成本的效果,因此本文结合“多动力源混合驱动工程车辆的全工况极值载荷谱度量与外推智能优化(No.5137522)”项目(国家自然基金项目),基于串联式混合动力车辆思想,采用囊式蓄能器作为辅助动力源,设计节能液压系统并提出相应控制策略,并且通过仿真与实验进行验证。本文的主要研究内容如下:1.以传统工作装置与全液压转向系统为基础设计了一套节能液压系统。该液压系统在传统全液压转向与工作装置液压系统的基础上,加装蓄能器作为辅助动力源,与传感器、电磁换向阀、控制器等组合构成节能液压系统,实现系统供给功率与负载需求功率相匹配,达到减小溢流损失、提高整车效率的目的。2.结合节能液压系统构型与轮式装载机作业周期短、规律性强的特点,采用开关—功率跟随的控制方法制定控制策略。将控制策略划分为转向系统工作模式、工作装置动作模式以及怠速模式,优先保证转向,模式之间相互联系,保证转向液压缸与工作装置液压缸的动作正常。3.测量ZL30B型轮式装载机工作装置液压系统与全液压转向系统多工况下系统中压力、流量、温度与液压缸活塞位移等信号,并对测试结果进行分析计算,得出各工况下全液压转向与工作装置液压系统的效率。4.在AMEsim与Simulink联合仿真环境下,结合转向器、多路阀等关键构件的工作原理,建立原始液压系统模型并与测试数据进行对比,证明模型的正确性。对关键部件进行选型并基于原始液压系统模型搭建节能液压系统及其控制策略模型,经过仿真分析验证了节能液压系统构型与控制策略的合理性。5.进行了实验验证,测试数据显示该节能液压系统与原始液压系统相比,能量利用率有显著提高。仿真与测试数据表明,本文提出的节能液压系统与控制策略在保证转向与工作装置液压系统正常工作的同时,实现了效率的大幅提升。
[Abstract]:Wheel loader is widely used in engineering field because of its flexible operation, low working environment and large single loading and unloading. However, as a typical high energy consumption engineering vehicle, it is widely concerned about under the background of energy saving and emission reduction. The steering and working device of wheel loader has become the focus of energy conservation research because of its low energy utilization ratio. The purpose of energy saving is not only to improve energy utilization ratio. More important is to achieve a series of results to reduce the cost of use. Therefore, this paper combines the project of "full condition extreme load spectrum measurement and extrapolation intelligent optimization of multi-power hybrid drive engineering vehicles" (National Natural Fund project). Based on the idea of series hybrid electric vehicle, the sac accumulator is used as the auxiliary power source to design the energy saving hydraulic system and put forward the corresponding control strategy. The main contents of this paper are as follows:. 1. A set of energy-saving hydraulic system is designed on the basis of traditional working device and full hydraulic steering system, which is based on the traditional hydraulic system of full hydraulic steering and working device. Add accumulator as auxiliary power source, and the combination of sensor, electromagnetic directional valve, controller and so on to form an energy-saving hydraulic system, to achieve the system supply power and load demand power matching, to reduce the overflow loss. The purpose of improving the efficiency of the whole vehicle is to combine the configuration of energy-saving hydraulic system with the characteristics of short working cycle and strong regularity of wheel loader. The control strategy is formulated by using the switch-power following control method. The control strategy is divided into working mode of steering system, operation mode of working device and idling mode, priority to ensure steering and interrelation between modes. Ensure the normal operation of steering cylinder and working unit hydraulic cylinder. Measure the pressure and flow rate of ZL30B wheel loader working device hydraulic system and full hydraulic steering system under multiple working conditions. The signals of temperature and piston displacement are analyzed and calculated. The efficiency of hydraulic system of full hydraulic steering and working device under various working conditions is obtained. 4. Under the combined simulation environment of AMEsim and Simulink, the working principle of key components, such as steering gear and multi-way valve, is combined. The original hydraulic system model is established and compared with the test data to prove the correctness of the model. The key components are selected and the energy-saving hydraulic system and its control strategy model are built based on the original hydraulic system model. The rationality of the configuration and control strategy of the energy-saving hydraulic system is verified by simulation analysis. The experimental results show that the energy-saving hydraulic system is compared with the original hydraulic system. The simulation and test data show that the proposed energy-saving hydraulic system and control strategy can ensure the normal operation of the steering and working device hydraulic system, and achieve a significant increase in efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH243;TH137

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