沈阳市满融开发区雨洪资源优化利用研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 15:11

本文关键词：沈阳市满融开发区雨洪资源优化利用研究　出处：《沈阳农业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：快速的城市化发展使得城市下垫面条件发生巨大的改变,海绵城市的提出为解决城市内涝、缺水、径流污染等水问题提供了有效途径。建设适合城区的雨洪利用与管理措施对满足日益增加的水资源需求量、预防城市内涝、补充地下水资源、改善城市生态环境等均具有重要的意义。本研究借鉴了国内外雨洪资源利用的研究成果,对满融经济开发区进行了研究,运用SWMM建立区域雨洪模型,确定了各措施变量与水量的定量关系,并运用多目标优化的方法建立雨洪资源优化利用模型,最终得到最优的措施布设方案。本研究的主要内容及成果包括以下几个方面:(1)结合卫星资料运用ArcGIS分析工具,将区域划分为水景观区、老城区、新建城区三部分,计算三个分区的不透水率分别为2.97%、58.32%、60.00%。针对研究区的现状自然条件及排水管网的布设资料,运用SWMM模型,采用泰森多边形法将其概化为230个子汇水区,230个管渠,230个节点,另设置两个排放口。采用芝加哥雨型作为设计暴雨雨型,0.5a、1a、2a、5a、10a为设计重现期,以此作为模型计算的降雨条件。(2)通过SWMM模型计算不同重现期下单项措施面积比例对水量的影响,根据研究内容对雨水可利用量进行了重定义,并采用一元线性回归法建立绿色屋顶率、透水铺装率、下沉式绿地率、水面增加率四种措施对径流系数及雨水可利用量的函数关系。结果表明,各单项措施与径流系数、雨水可利用量之间均呈良好的线性关系,并以2a重现期为例,对比了各单项措施对径流系数及雨水可利用量的影响程度,由大到小的排序均是透水铺装、增加水面率、绿色屋顶、下沉式绿地,最后验证了不同重现期会影响各措施对水量的作用效果。(3)结合SWMM原理及单项措施对水量的函数关系,编制了组合措施对径流系数及雨水可利用量的函数关系,以经济效益、社会效益、生态效益为目标,建立以绿色屋顶率、透水铺装率、下沉式绿地率、水面增加率为决策变量的雨洪资源优化模型,设定约束条件为径流总量控制率、措施最大比例约束、土地约束。采用层次分析法对多目标模型进行求解,最终计算得到绿色屋顶率、透水铺装率、下沉式绿地率、水面率最优比例分别为16.39%、90%、85.6%、7.2%,最后验证了组合措施对城市防洪排涝、提高雨水利用效率、控制径流污染方面具有良好的效益,为海绵城市的规划建设提供参考依据,对区域雨洪资源利用和管理具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:The rapid city development makes the city surface conditions change, put forward to solve the sponge City City waterlogging, water shortage, and provide an effective way of runoff pollution of water. The water resources demand and management measures to meet the increasing for urban rainwater utilization construction, prevention of city waterlogging, groundwater recharge resources, important is to improve the city's ecological environment. On the basis of the domestic and foreign research results of rainwater resource utilization, research on full thawing Economic Development Zone, the use of SWMM to establish regional rainfall runoff model, the quantitative relationship between the variables and the measures of water were determined, and the establishment of rainwater resources utilization model by using the method of multi-objective optimization, finally get the optimal layout scheme measures. The main contents and results of this study are as follows: (1) using ArcGIS satellite data analysis With the area into the water landscape area, the old city, the new city of the three part, not the rate calculation of the three partition water were 2.97%, 58.32%, 60.00%. data layout in the research area of natural conditions and drainage network, using the SWMM model, using the Tyson polygon method can be generalized into 230 sub catchment area 230, sewers, 230 nodes, another set of two outfall. The Chicago rain as the design storm pattern, 0.5A, 1a, 2a, 5A, 10a as the design return period, as a model for the calculation of the rainfall condition. (2) calculated by SWMM model with different return period under the effect of single measure area the proportion of water, the definition of rainwater available according to the research content, and regression method to establish the green roof rate using a linear, permeable pavement rate, sinking rate of green, the water increase rate of four measures by the amount of rainfall on the runoff and the number of function department The relationship between the individual measures. The results show that the runoff coefficient and rainfall, there were good linear relation between the amount of use of, and the 2A return period as an example, comparing the single measure available amount of influence on runoff coefficient and rainfall, from large to small order are permeable pavement, increase the water rate. Green roofs, sunken green space, finally verify the different return period will affect the effect of various measures of water. (3) combined with the function of SWMM principle and individual measures for water, the combination of measures available function relationship between the amount of runoff coefficient and rainfall, with economic benefits, social benefits, ecological benefits objective to establish a green roof, permeable pavement rate, sinking rate of green water, the increase rate of rainwater resources optimization model of decision variables, constraints set up for the total runoff control rate, measures the largest proportion of land using constraints, constraints. The analytic hierarchy process to solve the multi-objective model, obtained the green roof, permeable pavement sinking rate, green rate, the rate of optimal ratio was 16.39%, 90%, 85.6%, 7.2%, and finally verify the combination of measures of city flood control and drainage, improve the use efficiency of rain water, has good control efficiency of runoff pollution, provide a reference basis for the planning and construction of the sponge City, has important significance for flood resource utilization and management of regional rainfall.

【学位授予单位】：沈阳农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV213.9;TU992

【相似文献】