高速电梯非线性复合随机振动响应分析

发布时间：2018-01-06 18:47

本文关键词：高速电梯非线性复合随机振动响应分析　出处：《山东建筑大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高速电梯由于运行速度快,必然会带来振动强烈的问题,故高速电梯的振动响应分析在设计、制造和安装的各个环节占据着举足轻重的地位。而由于轿厢系统各设计参数在制造和安装过程中不可避免地存在误差,以及导轨的不平顺度的随机特性,导致电梯轿厢的振动过程受随机参数和随机激励的影响,以至于传统的确定性结构动力学分析方法不能满足分析要求。另一方面,滚动导靴作为电梯导向系统的重要组成部件,其靴衬材料特性以及滚轮与导轨的接触形式导致其本构模型中含有非线性成分。因此,同时考虑各随机性因素,开展非线性下的高速电梯复合随机振动响应分析对建立更加接近实际情况的分析方法,从而对高速电梯的减振进行理论指导有重要意义。首先,在考虑系统参数随机性的前提下建立了高速电梯4自由度振动模型,基于随机摄动理论导出加速度响应的确定部分与随机部分表达式;通过求解随机响应表达式并比较各参数随机部分系数推导各随机参数对加速度响应灵敏度表达式;根据位移响应协方差矩阵和随机参数协方差矩阵推导出加速度响应的标准差特性并进行分析。该方法能探明随机参数对振动加速度响应的影响规律,分析出各参数对响应的影响程度,进一步指导理论计算和实际工程。其次,针对导轨的安装形式以及表面粗糙度,建立了含两组随机参数控制的导轨不平顺度模型;将该模型中的随机激励融入高速电梯随机参数振动系统中,构建复合随机振动模型;利用正交多项式逼近法求解高速电梯复合随机振动均值响应以及采用复化Cotes积分精细积分方法计算其标准差;算例中,针对参数的变异性和导轨的不平顺程度对其水平振动响应进行了分析,从响应均值、标准差和变异系数的角度探究各项随机因素对响应的作用机理。然后,根据高速电梯滚动导靴的材料特性以及与导轨的配合关系,分析了顶面滚轮和侧面滚轮相对导轨位移时恢复力的非线性成因;采用Hertz接触理论和Bouc-Wen滞回模型推导位移量与恢复力之间的非线性关系,最后联合起来建立滚动导靴非线性本构模型;根据模拟实验证明了其滞回恢模型中的能量损耗对随机恢复力离散程度的影响。最后,将导轨随机激励加入到滚动导靴非线性本构模型中恢复力—位移关系方程中,以此作为振动微分方程的力项,构建高速电梯非线性复合振动系统模型;利用Simulink模块工具包对含隐式微分动力项的非线性微分方程进行了数值求解;采用最小二乘法对原非线性系统等效后再应用复合随机振动响应分析方法研究响应的均值和标准差;算例中比较了4m/s和7m/s两种速度下轿厢观测点处的加速度A95值,并且对比实测数据,验证了所建模型的准确性。
[Abstract]:Because of high speed elevator running speed, will bring the problem of strong vibration, the vibration of the high-speed elevator response analysis in the design, manufacture and installation of each link occupies a pivotal position. The design parameters of the car system can not avoid the errors in the process of manufacturing and installation, and the rail irregularity random the characteristics of degree, cause the vibration process of the elevator car is affected by random parameters and the random excitation, so the traditional deterministic structural dynamics analysis methods can not meet the requirements of analysis. On the other hand, the rolling guide shoe as important components of elevator guide system, the shoe lining material properties as well as the wheel and rail contact form of lead the constitutive model with nonlinear components. Therefore, considering the random factors, carry out the high-speed elevator nonlinear random vibration response analysis of composite The analysis method is more close to the actual situation, in order to vibration of the high-speed elevator theory has important significance. Firstly, considering the randomness of the system parameters under high speed elevator 4 degree of freedom vibration model, random perturbation determination part and random part of the expression response theory based on acceleration by solving the stochastic response and expression; the random parameter random coefficient is derived on the acceleration sensitivity expression; according to the displacement response covariance matrix and random parameter covariance matrix is derived and the standard deviation of the acceleration response characteristics were analyzed. The method can explore the random parameters effect on the vibration acceleration response, analyze the influence of various parameters on the degree of response, further guidance the theoretical calculation and practical engineering. Secondly, according to the guide rail installation form and surface roughness, build With two groups of random parameter control of the rail unevenness model; stochastic excitation in the model with high-speed elevator vibration systems with random parameters, constructing composite random vibration model; using orthogonal polynomial approximation method to solve the high-speed elevator composite random vibration response and the mean recovery of the Cotes integral fine integral method for the calculation of the standard deviation calculation; for example, the variability of the response parameters and track irregularity degree of horizontal vibration are analyzed, the response from the mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation of the perspective of the random factors on the mechanism of response. Then, according to the material characteristics of rolling guide shoe and cooperation relationship with the high-speed elevator guide rail, analysis the causes of the top roller and the nonlinear displacement of rail side roller relative resilience; using the Hertz contact theory and Bouc-Wen hysteresis and restore the displacement model of recovery force The nonlinear relationship between, finally combined to establish the constitutive model of nonlinear rolling guide shoe; according to the simulation experiment proves the effect of the hysteretic energy loss recovery model for random discrete degree of the restoring force. Finally, adding random excitation to guide guide roller nonlinear constitutive model of restoring force and displacement relationship equation. As the force differential equation of vibration, high speed elevator nonlinear composite vibration system model; using the Simulink module toolkit of Nonlinear Differential Equations with implicit differential dynamic term is solved numerically; the equivalent nonlinear system after the application of composite random vibration response analysis of mean and standard deviation of response method is by using the least square method; in comparison the A95 car acceleration observation point 4m/s and 7m/s two speed value, and comparing the measured data to verify the model type Accuracy.

【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU857

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