南平三千八百坎景区景观生态评价研究

发布时间：2018-01-10 01:02

本文关键词：南平三千八百坎景区景观生态评价研究　出处：《福建农林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：21世纪,中国进入了对于生态旅游、文化遗产旅游、多元化旅游需求的高速发展时期,大众旅游市场日趋扩大。然而,旅游活动的开展对遗产类景区的生态、人文、遗迹等都带来了不可忽视的影响,阻碍了景区的可持续发展。旅游景区的建设如何合理开发利用,保持"生态敏感-开发利用-可持续发展",成为我们必须要解决的课题。南平八千三百坎作为福建省保存最完整的古道之一,由于自然灾害(滑坡、泥石流)和人为干扰等多重因素的影响,生态系统、交通遗迹都遭遇一定程度的破坏。景观生态评价是对景区场地分析的重要手段和生态规划的重要依据,对景区进行生态评价与分析,根据评价结果,提出景观生态优化策略,促进南平三千八百坎景区的可持续发展。本文以南平三千八百坎景区景观生态评价作为研究课题,通过地理信息系统(GIS)空间分析、加权叠加分析技术,结合美景度评价法和层次分析法,选取景观生态评价体系中的景观自然度、旷奥度、美景度、相容度、可达度、敏感度六个评价因子,建立南平三千八百坎景区景观生态评价体系。通过对其评价结果的分析,结合景观生态学、可持续发展、遗产保护等理论,科学地规划景区内各种景观要素和人文活动,提出优化对策。本文主要研究结果如下:(1)在南平三千八百坎景区景观自然度评价中,自然景观占89.76%、半自然景观占6.6%、人工景观占3.64%,根据菲尔德法,得出研究区域的自然度值为0.51,自然度较高。(2)通过研究区卫星影像图提取景观旷奥度相关数据,得出森林覆盖率为0.8976,研究区域地表面积为18.48km2,垂直投影面积为3.46km2,将数据带入公式计算,得出南平三千八百坎景区的旷奥度值为4.794,景区的旷奥度值非常高,幽闭性强,存在较多的奥景观类型,适合游人进行慢休闲游憩体验。(3)景点美景度得分情况为:情侣瀑布(3.7245)怡心亭(3.5284)华光祖庙(3.3684)滴水岩(2.9633)鹊桥(2.8433)岩脚亭(2.7379)烧烤区(2.6473)吕祖庙(2.4738)进山大门(2.3758)黄枝润楠(2.1646),情侣瀑布、怡心亭、华光祖庙的美景度最佳,分值都在3分以上,明显高于其它景点,黄枝润楠景点分值最低。(4)南平三千八百坎景区景观类型与人类行为的相容度分布情况,完全相容的占17.86%,完全不相容的占32.14%;人类行为体系对生物景观的相容度最大,为0.081;对建筑景观的相容度为0.074;遗迹景观的相容度为0.06;水域景观的相容度最低,为0.047,景区在进行规划和设计时,要特别注意水域景观,尽量限制人类活动对其的干扰。(5)在景观可达度评价中,低可达度区主要分布在景区的地势起伏较大的东部山体,道路少且状况较差;一般可达度主要分布在景区的进山公路和景区的中部,该区域的海拔较低,道路较为密集,景点分布也较多;高可达度主要分布在景区西部山体,该区域道路密集,道路通达好。(6)在景观敏感度评价中,综合高程、坡度、坡向、植物、用地现状、水体缓冲六个敏感度评价因子,将景区敏感度分为三个区域,弱敏感区占47.3%,主要分布在景区的北部、西部和东南部山体;中敏感区占49.9%,面积比例最大,主要分布在景区的东部山体;强敏感区占2.7%,主要分布在景区的主路和景点、水域旁。
[Abstract]:In twenty-first Century, Chinese entered for ecological tourism, cultural heritage tourism, the rapid development period of diversification of tourism demand, mass tourism market is increasing. However, the development of tourism ecology, the scenic area of heritage cultural relics, has brought the impact can not be ignored, hindering the sustainable development of scenic spots. The construction of tourist attractions how to reasonably develop and utilize, maintain ecological sensitive - Utilization - sustainable development ", as we have to solve the issue. One of the eight thousand and three hundred ancient Nanping ridge in Fujian Province as the best preserved, due to natural disasters (landslide and debris flow), and human disturbance of multiple factors such as ecological system, traffic sites have suffered a certain degree the destruction of landscape ecological evaluation is an important basis for important means and ecological planning of scenic site analysis, and analysis of the ecological evaluation of the scenic area, according to the evaluation. The fruit, put forward the optimization strategy of ecological landscape, promote the sustainable development of Nanping scenic area. In this paper, three thousand and eight hundred ridge landscape ecological evaluation of Nanping three thousand and eight hundred ridge scenic spot as the research topic, through the geographic information system (GIS) spatial analysis, weighted overlay analysis technology, combined with the beauty evaluation and AHP, selection of landscape ecological evaluation system in natural landscape degree, broadnessconcealment degree, beauty, compatibility, accessibility, sensitivity of six evaluation factors, the establishment of Nanping three thousand and eight hundred ridge scenic landscape ecological evaluation system. Through the analysis of the evaluation results, combining with the landscape ecology, sustainable development, heritage protection theory, scientific planning of scenic spots in various landscape elements and human activities in this paper, and put forward optimization measures. The main results are as follows: (1) in the Nanping three thousand and eight hundred ridge scenic landscape naturalness evaluation in natural landscape, semi natural landscape accounted for 89.76%, accounted for 6 .6%, artificial landscape accounted for 3.64%, according to the Delphi method, the study area of the natural value is 0.51, the natural high degree. (2) extracting landscape broadnessconcealment degree related data by studying the satellite images, the forest coverage rate of 0.8976, the study area of surface area is 18.48km2, the vertical projection area of 3.46km2 data in the formula, the Nanping three thousand and eight hundred ridge scenic broadnessconcealment degree value is 4.794, the scenic broadnessconcealment degree is very high, claustrophobic strong, there are many Olympic landscape types, for visitors to slow recreation experience. (3) beauty scores for attractions: couple falls (3.7245) heart Yue ting (3.5284) Huaguang Temple (3.3684) Dishuiyan (2.9633) bridge (2.8433) rock foot Pavilion (2.7379) barbecue area (2.6473) Lv Zumiao (2.4738) into the Mountain Gate (2.3758) Zhirun Nan Huang (2.1646), a couple of waterfalls, Yixin Pavilion, temple Huaguang beauty the best score in 3 minutes Above is obviously higher than that of other attractions, Zhirun Huang Nan attractions had the lowest score. (4) compatibility distribution of Nanping three thousand and eight hundred ridge scenic landscape types and human behavior, compatible incompatible accounted for 17.86%, accounted for 32.14%; human behavior system of biological landscape compatibility is the largest, 0.081; 0.074 degrees of compatibility landscape architecture; 0.06 degree of compatibility heritage landscape; water landscape compatibility is the lowest, 0.047 scenic spots in the planning and design, we must pay special attention to the water landscape, try to limit the interference of human activities on it. (5) in landscape accessibility evaluation, low accessibility of the area is mainly distributed in the area undulating terrain of the eastern mountain road, less and poorer; general accessibility is mainly distributed in the central and mountain road into the scenic scenic area, the area of low altitude, the road is more intensive, more scenic spots distribution; high degree of master Distributed in the western mountain scenic spot, the area of road density, road access. (6) the landscape sensitivity evaluation, comprehensive elevation, slope, slope, vegetation, land, water buffer six sensitivity evaluation factors, the sensitivity of the scenic area is divided into three regions, weak sensitive areas accounted for 47.3%, mainly distributed in the area of the northern, Western and southeastern mountain; in the sensitive area accounts for 49.9%, the largest proportion of the area, mainly distributed in the eastern mountain area; high sensitive area accounted for 2.7%, mainly distributed in the area of the main road and attractions, waters.

【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU984.18

【参考文献】